2.formal organisational structures0 overview科学管理之父.ppt

Managing People and Organizations: Advanced Formal Organizational Structures - Overview Contents today 1.Basical concepts 2.factors that affected the shaping of organization was 3.organization structure design 4.summary 1.Basic concepts authority, responsibility, delegation, scalar chain of command:This refers to the number of different levels in the structure of the organisation, the chain of hierarchical command. span of control:The span of control identifies how many people a supervisor, or manager, can effectively supervise. 1.Basic concepts Hierarchical characteristics: Tall Structure高耸型 Flat Structure扁平型 1.Basic concepts Tall Structure高耸型 Scalar chain of demand- more hierarchies Span of control –narrow spans Advantages: Close supervision and control Fast communication between subordinates and superiors ....... Disadvantages: High cost Supervision may get too involved in the work of subordinates Undue delay ....... 1.Basic concepts Flat Structure扁平型 Scalar chain of demand- less hierarchies Span of control –wide spans Advantages: Delegation to subordinates Clear policies..... Disadvantages: Loss of control Need for high quality managers……. 2.factors that affected the shaping of organization was what the ‘classical school’ and ‘mordern management’ would have recommended for the structuring of organization? Formal Structure —the classical or scientific management the classical or scientific management Many writers have tried to define the best structure that an organisation should have in order to be effective Early writers on organisations emphasised tight control and formalisation正规化, they were: Frederick Taylor (弗雷德里克·泰勒) Henri Fayor (亨利·法约尔) Adam Smith (亚当·史密斯) Afred Sloan (埃弗雷德·斯洛) Max Weber (马克思·韦伯) Formal Structure —modern management While later writers found that the external environment and many other factors affected the structure, they were: Burns and Stalker （伯恩斯，斯托克） Joan Woodward （琼·伍德沃） 科学管理之父——泰勒 弗雷德里克·温斯洛·泰勒(Frederick Winslow Tay