Ch. 14 The Olympic Games.ppt

Ch. 14 The Olympic Games By Darlene Kluka in Women in Sport Notes by N. Bailey The Olympic Movement: Toward Global Understanding And Acceptance Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded modern Olympics in 1894 in Paris No women To encourage better understanding among nations through sport, art, education, culture The ancient Greek ideals: harmonious excellence: physical, moral, cultural, artistic Overview of the Chapter Topics Covered: History of participation Performance enhancement drugs Governance Global understanding and acceptance Early Summer Games 1900-1928 IOC controlled the program in 1896 Program for white male amateurs Members represented the IOC Apolitical – all men Melpomene, One who also ran in the 1896 games: 4 hours, 30 minutes Organizing Committees Ran the events established rules IOC no longer controlled events Next four organizing committees permitted women to participate: 1900 golf, tennis; 1904 archery; 1908 added skating, tennis, archery demonstrations in aquatics gymnastics After Stockholm in 1912 IOC took over control of events Dropped women’s sports that weren’t universally popular In Europe women were refused membership in the Sports Federations Women’s sports clubs organized in France Track field. 1920 games IOC refusal to permit women in all venues Women organized their own track and field Olympic Games in 1922 65 women from 5 countries in 11 events 20,000 spectators 18 world records READ p. 259, Alice Milliat founder FSFI IOC Outraged! How dare those women do that In order to control somewhat, IOC directs International Amateur Athletic Federation to govern international competition for women IOC waffled on women participating By 1924 industrialized countries had track and field for women. Women controlled Physicians Worried High level training bad for women: ruin health; masculinizes women; leads to sterility Competition detracted from femininity Spectators might have questionable motives Women might be viewed as sex objects Internat