神经科学导论临床医学().pdf

Introduction of Neuroscience Jianhong Luo, Ph.D. Department of Neurobiology Zhejiang University School of Medicine The origin of neuroscience 古希腊及更早时期对脑的认识 罗马帝国时代对脑的认识 从文艺复兴到19世纪时期对脑的认识 19世纪对脑的认识 The origin of neuroscience 古希腊及更早时期人类对脑的认识 ca. 4000 B.C. - Euphoriant effect of poppy plant reported in Sumerian records ca. 4000 B.C. - Clay tablets from Mesopotamia discuss how to use alcohol to dilute medicine ca. 2700 B.C. – 神农氏originates acupuncture ca. 1700 B.C. - Edwin Smith surgical papyrus (纸莎草纸) written. First written record about the nervous system ca. 1400-1200 B.C. - Ayuvedic system of Hindu medicine develops ca. 500 B.C. - Alcmaion of Crotona dissects sensory nerves and describes the optic nerve ca. 500 B.C. – Empedocles suggests that visual rays cause sight Evidence of prehistoric brain 《科勒药用植物》(1897) Hieroglyphic for Brain surgery (over 7000 years old) Papaver somniferum The origin of neuroscience 460-379 B.C. - Hippocrates discusses epilepsy as a disturbance of the brain and states that the brain is involved with sensation and is the seat of intelligence. 387 B.C. - Plato teaches at Athens. Believes brain is seat of mental process 335 B.C. - Aristotle writes about sleep; believes heart is seat of mental process 335-280 B.C. - Herophilus (the Father of Anatomy); believes ventricles are seat of human intelligence 280 B.C. - Erasistratus of Chios notes divisions of the brain [古希腊]解剖学家、外科医生 [古希腊]医生 赫罗菲拉斯 希波克拉底 The origin of neuroscience 人类应当知道，因为有了脑，我们才有了乐趣、欣喜、 欢笑和运动，才有了悲痛、哀伤、绝望和无尽的忧思。因 为有了脑，我们才以一种独特的方式拥有了智慧、获得了 知识；我们才看得见、听得到；我们才懂得了美与丑、善 与恶；我们才感受