“用工荒”与“农民荒”背景下的新时期农民就业研究.pdfVIP

“用工荒”与“农民荒”背景下的新时期农民就业研究 摘 要 从2004年以来，“民工潮”现象逐渐退去，并突然转向 “用工荒”。“用工荒”经 历了由激烈到消失再到激烈的演变，“用工荒”问题所带来的影响越来越严重，同时 “农民荒”也为农村和农业发展带来了挑战。“用工荒”意味着城市劳动力欠缺，“农 民荒”意味着农村从事农业人员供不应求，这似乎显示了城市和农村都出现了劳动力 短缺的现象。那么，这是否说明中国劳动力市场真的进入了供不应求的阶段，“刘易 斯转折点”真的来了吗？还是另有他因？在这“双荒”的背景下我们该如何面对？ 本文正是带着这样的疑问展开探讨，首先描述了我国目前 “用工荒”和 “农民荒” 的现状，然后对其原因进行分析。在分析“双荒”的原因时，无法避免的是对于农村 剩余劳动力是否枯竭的讨论，本文从实证分析的角度，证实“刘易斯转折点”并没到 来，我国仍有1亿以上的农村剩余劳动力。在此基础上提出合理的政策建议和主张， 以解决新时期农民就业问题。 关键词：用工荒 农民荒 新时期农民就业 刘易斯转折点 1 “用工荒”与“农民荒”背景下的新时期农民就业研究 Research on Farmers’ Employment in the Background of “Labor Shortage” and “Farmers Scarcity” Kan Shuang-shuang (Major: Agricultural Economic Management) Directed by: Professor Zhang Hai-xiang ABSTRACT Since 2004, the phenomenon of “flood of migrant works” gradually receded, and suddenly turned to “labor shortage”. The “labor shortage” has undergone the evolution from fierce to disappear and then to intense again, the impact has been more and more serious, and the problem of “farmers scarcity” behind it brings challenge for the development of rural and agriculture. “Labor shortage” means lack of labor in urban, and “farmers scarcity” means rural agricultural personnel shortage. All of these seems to indicate labor shortage in both urban and rural. So has the labor market in China been into short stage? Has “Lewis Turning Point” been really coming? Or this phenomenon has another due. How do we respond under the situation of “dual shortage”? In this paper, we take the question to explore. On the first we describe the status of “Labor shortage” and “farmers scarcity” in China, than analyze the reasons. When we analyze the reason of “dual shortage”, we can’t avoid to discuss the pr