电子与通信工程专业英语 作者 徐存善 Unit 22.ppt

Computer Simulation Circuit switching is the dominant technology for both voice and data communications today, and will remain so into the ISDN era. Communication via circuit switching implies that there is a dedicated communication path between two stations. That path is a connected sequence of links between network nodes. On each physical link, a channel is dedicated to the connection. Communication via circuit switching involves three phases: circuit establishment, signal transfer and circuit disconnect. 目前,线路交换既是话音通信又是数据通信的主要技术，进入ISDN(综合业务数据网)时代后仍将如此。通过线路交换进行通信，意味着在两个站之间有一条专用的通信通道。这条通道是通信网多节点间链路的连接序列。在每条物理链路上，都有一条通路被指定专用于这条连接通道。通过线路交换进行通信包含三种状态：线路建立、信号传输和线路拆除。 Circuit switching achieved its widespread, dominant position because it is well-suited to the analog transmission of voice signals. In today’s digital world, its inefficiencies are more apparent. However, despite the inefficiency, circuit switching is and will remain an attractive choice for both local area and wide area networking. One of its key strengths is that it is transparent. In addition, circuit switching avoids the complex routing, flow control, and error control requirements that we will see for packet switching networks. 线路交换已取得广泛应用并占据了主导地位，这是由于它很好地适合于语音信号的模拟传输。但在今天的数字世界中，其效率低是比较明显。然而，撇开低效这个因素，线路交换对于组织局域网和广域网来说是并仍将是一种有吸引力的选择。其关键优势在于一旦电路建立，它是透明的。此外，线路交换避免了复杂的路由选择、流量控制和差错控制等要求，而这些我们却会在分组交换网里遇到。 The long-haul circuit-switched telecommunications network was originally designed to handle voice traffic, and the majority of traffic on these networks continues to be voice. A key characteristic of circuit-switched networks is that resources within the network are dedicated to a particular call. For voice connections, the resulting circuit will enjoy a high percentage of utilization since, most of the time, one party or the other is talking. However, as the circuit-switched network began to be used increasingly for data connections, two shortcomings became apparen