Alternating-CurrentCircuit.ppt

* * ? 2007 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials. Lecture Outlines Chapter 24 Physics, 3rd Edition James S. Walker Chapter 24 Alternating-Current Circuits Units of Chapter 24 Alternating Voltages and Currents Capacitors in AC Circuits RC Circuits Inductors in AC Circuits RLC Circuits Resonance in Electrical Circuits 24-1 Alternating Voltages and Currents Wall sockets provide current and voltage that vary sinusoidally with time. Here is a simple ac circuit: 24-1 Alternating Voltages and Currents The voltage as a function of time is: 24-1 Alternating Voltages and Currents Since this circuit has only a resistor, the current is given by: Here, the current and voltage have peaks at the same time – they are in phase. 24-1 Alternating Voltages and Currents In order to visualize the phase relationships between the current and voltage in ac circuits, we define phasors – vectors whose length is the maximum voltage or current, and which rotate around an origin with the angular speed of the oscillating current. The instantaneous value of the voltage or current represented by the phasor is its projection on the y axis. 24-1 Alternating Voltages and Currents The voltage and current in an ac circuit both average to zero, making the average useless in describing their behavior. We use instead the root mean square (rms); we square the value, find the mean value, and the