多相外循环流化床上升管内流动特性的数值模拟及其实验的研究.pdf

河北工业大学硕士论文 多相外循环流化床上升管内流动特性的数值模拟及实验研究 摘 要 伴有传热、传质和化学反应的汽（气）液固多相流动是化工设备及化工单元操作中的 基本现象，具有复杂的流动特征。因此，对多相流动规律的研究成为化工过程中困难又急 待解决的关键问题之一。 本文利用数值模拟与实验的方法对多相流化床的局部流动特性和传热特性进行了研 究。在不同的质量流量、温度、压力等条件下，对外循环多相流化床内上升管内进行了二 维、三维的稳态和非稳态模拟。针对两种典型的多相流模型――双流体模型和离散相模型 进行了比较和分析，合理复现了密集型流化床管内的流动特征。模拟并分析了近壁区域的 颗粒团簇现象对两相流动的影响因素，颗粒团聚及破散运动是引起管内压力波动和能量集 中的主要原因。对不同角度弯管的颗粒流化状态进行了比较和稳定性分析，确定出了最低 有效测压点。建立了计算颗粒与壁面碰撞传热的简单几何模型，并且计算了稳态条件下单 个颗粒碰撞管壁时的温度场分布。模拟结果和实验数据吻合较好，对多相流化床的深入研 究提供了一定参考。 关键词：多相外循环流化床，数值模拟，压力波动，颗粒团簇，流动特性 i 多相外循环流化床上升管内流动特性的数值模拟及实验研究 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS SIMULATION AND INVESTIGATION IN VERTICAL PIPE OF MULTIPHASE EXTERIOR CFB ABSTRACT The gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow with heat transfer, mass transfer and chemical reaction are the base phenomenon in the chemical apparatus and chemical engineering unit operations. The multiphase flow is different from the pure phase flow. It possess complicated fluidized characters, thus the study in the laws of multiphase flow is getting one of the key problem in the chemical progress. The research of the local flow and heat transfer characteristics in the multiphase flow bed were carried out in numerical simulation and experiment. In the condition of different mass flow, temperature and pressure, the stability situation and instability situation simulation of 2D, 3D were made in the riser of circulating fluidized bed. The typical multiphase flow modelsthe Euler-Euler model and Discrete model were compared with each other, recurred the characteristics of CFB logically. The phenomena of particle clusters in the r