中厚板矫直过程中应力中性层位置的变化机理研究.doc

中 文 摘 要 传统矫直模型中均不考虑应力中性层的偏移，造成矫直力和压弯量的计算不准确，这严重的影响了矫直理论的发展，也降低了矫直设备的生产能力，所以有必要研究矫直过程中中性层偏移的变化规律。 本文首先对经典辊式矫直理论进行了系统的学习和研究，确定了中厚板矫直过程中压弯量、矫直力、弯曲曲率等主要力能参数的计算方法。并且分析和推导了各个力能参数之间的相互关系。 以中厚板矫直模型为基础，分析矫直过程中的钢板在受载荷情况下的应力应变状态，分别用理论推导方法和有限元模拟方法计算得到了应力中性层的位置。阐明了钢板在受载弯曲的情况下，其应力中性层的偏移现象和具体的偏移量的大小。分别分析了对于不同的矫直压下量和矫直力，钢板应力中性层偏移的变化规律，并通过实验加以验证。然后分两种情况分析了矫直过程中钢板的应力中性层变化情况：一是在矫直过程中某一时刻整个钢板的中性层偏移情况；另一种是对某一部分钢板来说，其经过入口到出口的过程中应力中性层的偏移情况。并作出两种应力中性层偏移情况的偏移曲线分布图，能够形象直观的看出矫直过程中钢板应力中性层的偏移情况。最后分析了中性层的偏移现象对最终钢板矫直效果的影响。为改善钢板矫直数学模型和精确确定钢板矫直过程中的矫直力和压下量等矫直参数提供一定的理论依据。 关键字：矫直过程；应力中性层偏移；有限元仿真；实验研究  ABSTRACT In accurate roller straightening theory, the stress neutral layer offset is not taken into consideration in leveling model, leading to inaccurate intermesh and leveling forces,which affects the development of straightening theory and reduces the straighter production capacity.So,it is necessary to study the neutral layer offset in straightening process. Firstly, this paper researched the classic rolled straightening theory, determined the calculating method of main parameters,such as bending roller values,leveling forces,bending curvatures and so on.At the same time,the relationship between every parameters was analysed and deduced. According to dynamic plate leveling model,the stress and strain of plate were analysed in straightening process and the location of stress neutral layer were obtained separately by theoretical derivation and finite element simulation.The simulation result indicated that the stress neutral layer had offset in straightening process and the formula of neutral layer offset was given.The change rules of the values of stress neutral layer offset were compared under different levelling forces and intermesh. These rules also were tested by experiments.Then this paper analysed the phenomenon of stress neutral layer offset in two cases,one was that the value of neutral layer offset of the whole plate at a time in leveling process;another was that the value of neutral lay