第二章 合同法(中英文).pptVIP

第一节、合同法概述 一、合同与合同法的概念（一）合同的概念 我国现行《合同法》第二条规定，合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。 A contract means an agreement on the establishment, alteration or termination of a civil right-obligation relationship between natural persons, legal person or other organization as subjects with equal status. 合同法简言之，就是规范合同的法律。合同法是调整平等主体之间合同关系的法律规范的总和。 Contract Laws are the legal norms of adjusting contractual relationship between equal parties. Importance of contract law Contract law is a very important branch of the law for all of us because contracts are an integral part of everyday life. 合同，这个原本陌生的经济行为正以日趋热烈的姿态走进寻常巷陌、普通家庭，与个人行为发生密切关系。 Contract relations round us 在商店、商场、超市花10块钱买条毛巾或者其它商品，就与店家形成口头的买卖合同关系，因数额较小且双方货、款能够及时清结，没必要签订书面的买卖合同关系。 劳动合同 个人之间的借钱合同也有很多无效情况，比如借条上写到的还款利息如果超过银行利息的4倍就不合法了，合同也就无效。 一位顾客在一家商店内以135元价格买了一台收录机，回去使用时发现不能使用，该顾客要求退货，但店主以店中告示“当场看好货，出门概不负责”为由拒绝处理。后工商所对该店进行了处罚并责令其为顾客退货。  在某医院做手术时，院方让家属在一份协议书上签字，协议书上写着，手术后无论出现任何问题，院方没有责任。这种把责任推脱得干干净净的条款单方扩大了解释权，侵害了消费者的权益。法律规定，造成对方人身伤害的、因故意或者重大过失造成对方财产损失的免责条款无效。 曾有家电信企业在针对消费者的合同里有这样的话：“我公司有权以公告、通知等形式告知客户后单方修改本协议内容。”这种单方无限扩大的解释权，已经是一种霸王条款。 Contract law in different countries capitalist countries continental law system: codes common law system: cases China: General Provisions of the Civil Law（民法通则）, Economic Contract Law（经济合同法）, Foreign Economic Contract Law（涉外经济合同法） (new) Contract Law 1999 Law of Sino-Foreign Joint Ventures 中外合资经营企业法 Law of Chinese-Foreign Cooperative Enterprises 中外合作经营企业法 Regulations on Administration of Technology Acquisition Contract 技术引进合同管理条例 Basic concepts of contract General Provisions of the Civil Law A contract shall be an agreement whereby the parties establish, change or terminate their civil relationship. A contract established pursuant to the law is protected by law. Requirements for a effective contract 1. An agreement shall be reached by offer and acceptance between the parties. 2. The parties shall have appropriate capacities to contract. 3. a contract shall have c