高产冬小麦对锌的吸收、积累与分配.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2010,43(9):1791-1799 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.09.004 高产冬小麦对锌的吸收、积累与分配 党红凯，李瑞奇，孙亚辉，张馨文，李雁鸣 （河北农业大学农学院，河北保定 071001 ） 摘要：【目的】明确高产（9 000 kg·hm-2 ）冬小麦的锌素吸收、积累与分配特点，为确定锌肥施用技术提供依 据。【方法】2004—2006两年中各采用4个品种，于各生育时期在田间取植株样品，分器官测定锌的含量。【结果】 小麦各生育时期各器官的含锌量为 9.5—112.5 mg·hm-2 （干重），含锌量最高的器官随生长中心的转移而更替。生 育前期叶片中锌的积累量最高，拔节前叶片中锌的分配率占全株总积累量的 50%以上；生育后期籽粒中锌的积累 量最高。小麦一生锌的总积累量为 384.9—475.9 g·hm-2 ，生产 100 kg 籽粒吸收锌 4.3—5.2 g。籽粒由再分配获 得的锌占籽粒总锌量的58.2%—60.3%，各器官对锌的净吸收积累量、转移量及对籽粒锌的贡献均为叶片＞穗＞叶 鞘＞茎秆。【结论】各器官生育前中期含锌量和积累量较高，后期籽粒锌的积累主要取决于各器官锌的再分配。根 据锌的这些吸收积累特点，锌肥主要应作为播种前拌种或基肥施用，以促进小麦生育前期的生长和锌的吸收。 关键词：冬小麦；高产；锌；吸收；积累；分配 Absorption, Accumulation and Distribution of Zinc in High-Yielding Winter Wheat DANG Hong-kai, LI Rui-qi, SUN Ya-hui, ZHANG Xin-wen, LI Yan-ming (College of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei) Abstract: 【Objective 】 The objective of this experiment is to clarify the characteristics of zinc (Zn) absorption, accumulation and distribution in high-yielding winter wheat (with a grain yield 9 000 kg·hm-2). 【Method 】 Field experiments were conducted in Gaocheng County, Hebei Province. Four winter wheat cultivars, Shimai 14, Jifeng 703, Shimai 12 and Shixin 828 during 2004-2005, and four cultivars, Temai 1, Shimai 12, Shixin 531 and Shixin 828 during 2005-2006, were used as experimental materials. Plant samples were collected from the plots at each growing stage for Zn concentration determination. 【Result 】 The main results showed that the concentration of Zn in various above-ground organs of wheat was 9.5-112.5 mg·kg-1 at different growing stages. The organ with the