儿童股骨颈干角化的有限元分析.pdfVIP

儿童股骨颈干角变化的有限元分析 摘 要 目的：应用CT 的原始数据资料，结合有限元分析软件，进行大龄 儿童股骨头骨骺的生物力学研究，为预测儿童股骨颈干角的变化趋势提 供依据，为股骨近端冠状轴截骨矫形手术提供指导。方法：采用7-14 岁 儿童髋关节CT 资料，以MIMICS 软件读取CT 原始数据，进行前处理，得 到股骨近端的点云数据后输入有限元分析软件 ANSYS，建立股骨近端完 整的三维有限元模型，模拟加载正常站立时作用于股骨头上的载荷，分 析股骨头骨骺面上的应力分布。结果：正常儿童股骨头骨骺内侧剪切应 力低于外侧，内侧压应力高于外侧。髋脱位儿童股骨头骨骺内侧剪切应 力高于外侧，内侧压应力低于外侧，这种差异表现在全脱位的状态下更 加明显。结论：儿童股骨头骨骺内外侧应力的分布存在差异，是造成儿 童股骨颈干角变化的重要原因，正常儿童股骨颈干角随生长发育逐渐减 小，而髋脱位儿童股骨颈干角随生长发育逐渐增大。在大龄儿童髋脱位 的治疗中，通过骨盆截骨手术结合适当的股骨近端内翻截骨手术，可以 改善股骨头骨骺的应力分布，使髋关节在正常的生物力学条件下发育成 熟。有限元分析是一种简便实用的生物力学研究方法，可作为实验生物 力学研究方法的验证和补充，可以为颈干角的变化趋势提供预测依据， 为股骨近端冠状轴截骨矫形手术提供指导。 关键词：髋关节，脱位，股骨，生物力学，有限元 The Finite Element Analysis of Mechanobiological Prediction of the Femoral Neck-shaft Angle in Children ABSTRACT Objective: To explore an efficiently biomechanical method which can predict the growthing tendency of the neck-shaft angle of femur and instruct the coronary plane osteotomy of the proximal femur, we made the research of biomechanics of the femoral head epiphysis with CT scan dates and the Finite Element Analysis software. Methods: In this study, the ages of the children ranged from 7 to 14 years. We managed CT image with the MIMICS software to establish the three dimensional finite element model of the proximal femur. By applying individually calculated force to stipulate as conditions in static situation, we analyzed the stress of the femoral head epiphysis with ANSYS software. Result: Under loading conditions of the normal hip, the octahedral shear stress of the medial side was smaller than that of the lateral side, the hydrostatic stress of the medial side was larger than that of the lateral side. Under loading conditions of the dysplastic hip, the octahedral shear stress of the medial side was larger than that of the lateral side, the hydrostatic stress of the medial