FoundationChapter双语课程教学(含专业英语翻译)教案.pptVIP

Foundation On Global Manufacturing School of Mechanical Engineering Chapter 4 Introduction Two Challenges: The first challenge,Scientifically sound definitions of relevant manufacturing attributes must be settled upon. This will enable the trade-offs between attributes to be quantitatively assessed in the decision making process. The second challenge,Which is directed in particular to the engineering community, is to develop technoeconomical models, which allow the decision making process to be scientifically executed. Economic Perspective Fig. 4.1. Output in manufacturing Fig. 4.2. Employment in manufacturing Fig. 4.3. Productivity in manufacturing Fig. 4.4. Investment in manufacturing Fig. 4.5, RD expenditures and employment growth Economic Perspective Economic Perspective Fig. 4.6. Production of machine tools in Europe Fig. 4.7. Number of people employed in 2002 by the major European machine tools builders Fig. 4.8. Consumption of machine tools Fig. 4.9. Share of industrial RD expendture financed by the state Fig. 4.10. Overview of indicators for comparing research financing Economic Perspective Economic Perspective The growth of machine tools and the consumption reflect the industrial and technological development of a country. A Decision Making Framework for Manufacturing Systems Manufacturing can be subdivided into the areas of manufacturing processes, which alter the form, shape and/or physical properties of a given material; Manufacturing equipment, used to perform manufacturing processes; A Decision Making Framework for Manufacturing Systems Manufacturing systems, which are the combinations of manufacturing equipment and humans,bound by a common material and information flow. In general, cost, time, quality and flexibility are considered when making manufacturing decisions. A Decision Making Framework for Manufacturing Systems (1) COST Categories in Manufacturing: Equipment and facility costs Materials Labor Energy Maint