Historical Perspectives in the Study of Proteins.pptVIP

Proteomics in the Context of Thailand Professor M.R. Jisnuson Svasti Center for Excellence in Protein Structure and Function and Dept of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok e-mail: scjsv@mahidol.ac.th Roles of Proteins Proteins are the instruments through which the genetic potential of an organism are expressed Proteins are involved in almost all processes of body and fulfil many functions Functions of Proteins enzyme catalysis, transport, mechanical support, organelle constituents, coordinated motion, storage reserves, metabolic control, sensory perception, protection mechanisms, toxins, and osmotic pressure Importance of Studying Proteins Human Genome Data - complete, but does not show how proteins function - or how biological processes occur Proteins sometimes chemically modified after synthesis - Proteolytic cleavage, hydroxylation, oxidation, carboxylation, methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, glycosylation, transamidation, crosslinkage Proteins also fold into specific three-dimensional structure which determines function Some covalent post-translational modifications Approaches for Study of Proteins Purification, characterisation of properties primary structure Study of molecular mechanism of action - correlation of structure activity – drug design - need 3-D structure - X-ray crystallography (n.m.r. for small mols) Changes in expression and/or properties of proteins - proteomics approach - study all proteins at all states at all times 2-DE Comparison of Proteins from two different conditions Defining proteomics Equipment Available for Research on Protein Structure in Thailand E-mail survey of some 30 departments at different universities Amino Acid Analysis Protein Sequencer 2-D Electrophoresis MALDI/TOF; ESI/MS/MS or MS/MS Circular dichroism, protein NMR Macromolecular X-ray crystallography Computer modelling of protein structure Currently available/ in r