Respiratorysystem精品课件.pptVIP

Hyaline membrane disease: infants born prematurely 早产 short of surfactant infant has difficulty expanding the alveoli — respiratory distress － respiratory distress syndrome 透明膜病 呼吸窘迫综合症 3. Alveolar septum interstitial tissue between two neighboring alveoli, rich in *elastic fibers, *macrophages and *capillaries. 4. Blood-Air Barrier, BAB The structure separate blood and air. *continuous endothelium *basement membrane *type I alveolar cell gas exchange Pulmonary lobule: bronchiole with all branches alveoli apex, bottom lobular pneumonia or bronchopneumonia 保护环境 我们能更 好地呼吸 Respiratory System 章 为 Dept. of Histology Embryology zhangwi25091@ Components: nasal cavity nasopharynx larynx trachea bronchi Function: to inhale O2 to exhale CO2 lung I. Trachea submucosa mucosa adventitia 3 layers 1. mucosa: Epithelium — pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with prominent basement m. five types of cell : ciliated columnar cells: cilia goblet cells: mucous brush cells: sensory receptors apical surface - microvilli basal surface – afferent nerve ending basal cells: stem cell small granule cells: diffuse neuroendocrine cell Lamina propria — loose connective tissue rich in elastic fibers 2. Submucosa - loose C.T *mixed glands - mucous layer *lymphoid tissue – IgA + ↓ sIgA secretory component 3. Adventitia — C-shaped cartilage elastic fibers – ligament – overdistention smooth muscle fibers – regulate lumen II. Lung* bronchial tree parenchyma alveoli interstitial tissue: loose C.T, blood vessels lymphatic vessels, nerves bronchial tree alveoli bronchial tree parenchyma