FOOD WEBS.ppt

the red algae the green algae the red algae the green algae Janes research improved our understanding of how trophic interactions can affect community structure. Her work demonstrated that the influence of consumers upon the structure of food webs depends on their feeding preference,the density of local consumer population,and the relative competitive abilities of prey species. 3. Exotic(外来的) Predators People have moved all sorts of species around the planet,but one of the most commonly introduced groups of organisms is fish.Introduced fish often substantially change the food webs of the water bodies where they are introduced. The dramatic impact of exotic species on communities may result from their being outside the evolutionary experience of the prey population in the local community. The aquatic system is Lake Victoria,one of the greatest lakes of East Africa. And the predator is the Nile perch(鲈鱼), Lates nilotica . Example: Lake Victoria（about 69,000m2）,one of the great lakes of East Africa,lies right on the equator.The deepest point is approximately 100m,and most of the lake is less than 60m deep. * * * * * * * * CHAPTER 14 FOOD WEBS 制作者:彭小玲 导师：李振基 螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后 The ocean around Antarctica(南极洲) is one of the most productive marine environments on earth. 磷虾 硅藻 阿黛尔企鹅 帝企鹅 威德尔海豹 食蟹类海豹 贼鸥 鱿鱼 虎鲸 蓝鲸 Case 1: Community Web Case 2: Keystone Species Case 3: Exotic Predators Case 4: Humans as Keystone Species Contents 1. Community Webs Summerhayes and Elton(1923) studied the feeding relations on Bear Island in the high Arctic(北极) because they believed that the high Arctic , with few species, would be the best place to begin the study of food webs. Summerhayes and Elton used a food web to present the feeding relations on Bear Island in a single picture. 水生无脊椎动物 海滩上的哺乳类 蜘蛛 昆虫 矶鹞 颊白鸟类 松鸡类 海鸟 北极熊 贼鸥 北极狐 海豹 Kirk Winemiller(1900) described the feeding relations among freshwater fishes. He studied the aquatic（水生的） food webs at two locations in the savanan