翻译基本理论.ppt

翻译标准 傅雷：重神似，不重形似 钱钟书：化 翻译标准 泰特勒（Tytler）： 1. 译文应完全传达原作的意思； 2. 译文的风格与笔调应和原作属于同 一性质； 3. 译文应具有原作的流畅性。 忠实 He had words with her. We shall not want for food. 译文： 他和她吵架了。 我们不会缺乏食品。 忠实 That house is really A-1. 【误译】那间房子的门牌确实是A－1号。 【原意】那间房子确实是一流的。 Who’s that old bag？ 【误译】那个旧袋子是谁的？ 【原意】那个丑老太婆是谁？ 忠实 My dear father has passed away. My father died. My old man has kicked the bucket. 我亲爱的父亲已与世长辞了。 我父亲死了。 我家老头子翘辫子了。 忠实 Jane does not work hard because she wants to earn money. 翻译一：因为简想要赚钱，所以才不用心做。 翻译二：简并不是因为想赚钱才用心去做的。 忠实 The president stands there, hat in hand, begging Congress for their votes. 翻译一：总统站在那里，手里拿着礼帽，乞求国会投他的票。 翻译二：总统站在那里，毕恭毕敬地请求国会议员们投赞成票。  通顺 Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability. 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。 Money is the key that opens all doors. 金钱是把万能钥匙。 忠实与通顺的关系 This nation’s best-loved author was ever bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic and humorous as anyone has imagined. 译文1：这位全国最受热爱的作家完全像任何人以往想象的那样冒险、爱国、浪漫和幽默。 译文2：这位在全国最受欢迎的作家的探索精神、爱国思想、浪漫风格和幽默感，丝毫不亚于人们所能想象的程度。 忠实与通顺的关系 翻译是戴着镣铐跳舞（Translation is like dancing in fetters.） 翻译像女人 翻译过程(Process of Translation) 理解过程 (Comprehension) 表达过程 (Expression) 校核过程（Cheking-up） 理解过程 理解语言点 Seat oneself in a wooden chair Accept a university chair Chair the board meeting Condemned to the chair Milk the cow Milk the bull　 理解过程 理解语言点 This large body of men had met on the previous night, despite the elements which were opposed to them, a heavy rain falling the whole of the night and drenching them to the skin. 尽管老天与这一大群人作对，整夜下着倾盆大雨，大家被淋得浑身透湿，他们头天晚上还是聚到了一起。 理解过程 2. 弄清原文的逻辑关系 when he was young in the sixties. 当他还是个60多岁的年轻小伙子时 在60年代他还年轻时 The object didn’t move because I push it. 因为我推了它，该物体才没有移动。 不是因为我推了它，该物体才移动。 理解过程 3. 掌握与两种语言文化有关的背景知识 John can be relied on, he eats no fish and plays the game. 约翰值得信赖。他忠诚而守规矩。 Speak of angels, and you will hear their wings; talk of the devil, and he’s sure to appear. 说曹操，曹操到。 理解过程 3. 掌握与两种语言文化有关的背景知识 Patrick was on the carpet for crashing a company