FinanceTraining说课.ppt

* People - The most common resource which is needed to complete a project. Team members are needed and required for almost every aspect of most projects. Facilities - Facilities are required to house the work for most projects. Offices, Conference rooms, presentation rooms, and workrooms are a few examples. Remember, that frequently, the availability of these facilities can drive the project schedule. Equipment - Equipment is frequently needed to complete the project work. The availability can drive the project schedule. Software - Software can be used to define, plan and organize available resources and resource rates. In addition, comprehensive software packages can help set resource calendars. Expenses - Expenses, such as travel, room and board, and supplies, are an important resource that must be considered. Materials - Materials are a necessary resource when the project deliverable is a physical product. * * 见财务模块中的项目成本明细表 * 专家:在每一个领域都有专家,应将他们的经验和智慧都结合起来. * 这就是业务经理比较拿手的工作了 * 这里所称的估算人员并不仅仅指财务人员,还包括项目经理,业务规划师,采购工程师,项目工程师,销售人员等等,因为估算成本并非仅靠财务人员就可以完成的,这基于很多的基础数据,财务人员所起到的作用就是将所有的数据融会贯通到一份财务报表中去. * * 也就是说,成本估算是客观的,而报价是主观的. * * * * 对于其中的批准两个字,我这里再展开一下.我们财务部在对项目的采购件的价格审核过程中,发现对于采购件的目标价的确认上,有些项目经理对此有些误解. 在项目审核表中有一栏采购价的目标价, 这个目标价,在我们确认的核价程序中是采用执委会书面批准的报价稿中的采购成本,而我们的核价人员会发现该表中的目标价有时候会和报价批准状态不符,而我们的项目经理却未曾发现这个问题在项目核定表中签字,而采购人员会据此指责财务人员:为何项目经理都同意了,财务却不同意? * * * No matter what technique you use to validate your estimates, you should always compare the estimates to the actual figures after the project is complete.不管你用什么方法来做预算,你必须要在项目完成后将预算的成本和实际进行比较来验证你的估算的准确性,也为将来的成本估算打下扎实的数据基础. 3. Both of these actions will help you ensure that historical information from each project is consistent and available for future use.这两种方法都可以帮助你确保我们所有的历史数据用于未来估算的可信度 例如估算一个注塑件的原材料耗用量, 有技术图纸的话可以按照技术图纸计算得知, 有实物样品可以按照称量再估测足够的料废和工废来得到, 或者是其他的任何方法都可以得到一个耗用量值, 但每种技术都存在风险, 除非确保结果是一定正确的, 否则为了规避风险应该采用多种方法进行而得到一个相对更准确的数据 * 然后每个小组成员按照分配进行成本估算 * 举个例子:保险杠报价,有不同的色漆颜色,用简单平均就不如按产量的加权平均来得合理 * 项目经