翻译第二讲翻译标准分析报告.pptVIP

2、象形：马走日，象走田 3、双关语： 东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴 骑毛驴看唱本---走着瞧 外甥打灯笼 ---照旧（舅） 擀面杖吹火--- 一窍不通 孔夫子搬家--- 尽是输（书） 4、回文： 客上天然居，居然天上客 人过大佛寺，寺佛大过人 上海自来水来自海上。 英语双关语 ---“Call me a taxi,” said the fat man. --- “Okay,” said the doorman. “Youre a taxi, but you look more like a truck to me.’ ---Why is a room full of married people very empty? ---Because there isn’t a single person in it. ---At a wedding a man looses his bachelor’s degree and a woman wins her master’s. --- A teacher came to a prison to teach the inmates English. He began his lesson by saying “I suppose you all know what a sentence is.” American former president Ford once said, “I’m a Ford, not a Lincoln.” ( “我是福特，不是林肯。” “我是福特车而不是林肯车。”) 文化因素的限制 文化空缺 (cultural vacancy)导致词汇空缺 中国特有的事物（China English）： 中医、中药、武术、菜谱、阴阳、称谓语等等 如: “你好，表哥”怎么翻译？≈Hello, cousin! 文化冲突 导致词汇冲突 动物：龙-A mythical monster traditionally represented as a gigantic reptile having a lions claws, the tail of a serpent, wings, and a scaly skin. 一种传说中的怪物，一般被描述成有狮爪、蛇尾、翅膀及带鳞的皮肤 狗-(附后) 蝙蝠-have bats in (ones) belfry: To behave in an eccentric, bizarre manner.行为古怪，举止异常 颜色词：红、绿、黄等 狗-dog A person regarded as contemptible: 卑鄙小人： You stole my watch, you dog. 你偷了我的手表，你这个卑鄙小人 Slang 【俚语】 A person regarded as unattractive or uninteresting.无趣的人：无吸引力的人，令人厌恶的人 A hopelessly inferior product or creation: 蹩脚货：无可救药的次品或低等创意： “The President had read the speech to some of his friends and they told him it was a dog” (John P. Roche) “总统向他的一些朋友读了那份演讲稿，他们说这是个蹩脚的报告”(约翰P.罗奇) Phrase of Dogs dog it【俚语】To fail to expend the required effort to do or accomplish something. 拈轻怕重，逃避工作：不花费必要的力气去做或者完成某事 go to the dogs--To go to ruin; degenerate. 毁灭；堕落 put on the dog【非正式用语】--To make an ostentatious display of elegance, wealth, or culture.装模作样：装出斯文、有钱或有文化的样子 [美俚]prostitute, street walker, hooker 妓女 译者的任务 如何提高可译程度：对原语和译语在语言文化方面的差异进行分析，尽力找出最大限度地传达原语信息的方法。 如何提高译者的个人修养: 多方涉猎--广博的知识和学识 提升悟性--敏感的语言感悟力