太阳能光伏发电系统接入电力输配网的问题和对策建议.pdf

摘 要 随着世界经济的发展和人口的不断增长，紧迫的能源形势高居世界 10 大焦 点问题之首。在这种形势下，光伏发电作为一种可持续的能源替代方式，近年 得到迅速发展，并在世界范围内得到了广泛的应用。由于光伏发电出力的间歇 性、周期性和随机性，加上逆变器并网、孤岛效应等因素，影响了电网电能质 量、电量计量计费，以及供电可靠性。大容量并网光伏电站和分布式光伏建筑 一体化电源的大规模接入，给电网的规划、运行和管理带来了一系列问题。 本文首先简要介绍了光伏发电的发展现状、关键技术及国内外的应用研究 概况。其次，系统地阐述了太阳能光伏发电系统接入后对电力输配电网的线路 潮流、系统保护、电能质量、调度运行等方面的影响，总结了光伏发电系统接 入电力输配电网存在的主要问题和技术方案。进而针对含光伏发电系统的电力 输配电网，在电能质量分析、继电保护设计、故障处理、调度运行等方面进行 了分析并提出了相应建议。最后，对张家窝镇 1.3357MWp 太阳能示范工程光伏 发电项目进行了实例分析。 关键词：分布式发电(DG) ；光伏发电(PVG) ；并网；电力系统运行；智能 配电网。 I ABSTRACT With the sur ging developm ent of globa l econom y and population, the ur gent energy supply has becom e the most serious issue in the wor ld. Under this situation, as a sustain able ener gy, photovoltaic genera tion (PVG) dev elops rapid ly in recen t years and receives worldwide applicati on. But the power output of PV has the characteristics of interm ittence, periodic ity an d random ness plus the ef fects from grid-connected inverters and anti-islandi ng, lar ge scale applic ation of PVG will significantly influence the power quality , el ectricity gauge and the re liability of power supply . Especially , th e integration of lar ge cap acity of PV station and distributed PV sources in the buildings will definitely cause a series of problem s to the planning, operation and management of power networks. In this pape r, the cur rent situa tions, key technologies and app lications of PV at both home and abroad were in troduced firstly. The im pacts from the integra tion of PV on the power flow, protection system, power quality and operation were analyzed systematically. The m ain problem s and ke