被动语态复习课件---实用探析.ppt

被动语态;语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。 ;肯定句：主语＋be + 过去分词＋(by ~) 否定句：主语＋be not ＋过去分词＋(by ~) 一般疑问句：Be ＋主语＋过去分词＋(by ~)? 特殊疑问句： 疑问词＋be＋主语＋过去分词＋ (by ~) ;;主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：;1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：;1. They bought ten computers last term． ;3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：;4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：;5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构;6.过去进行时的被动语态的结构;7.现在完成时的被动语态的结构;8.过去完成时的被动语态的结构;各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表; 把下列主动句改为被动句;把下列主动句改为被动句;如：1.He gave me a book. －I was given a book by him. （以I做主语） －A book was given to me by Tom. （以物book作主语） 2.He teaches us English. －We are taught English by him. （以人当主语） －English is taught to us by him. （以物作主语）;keep, make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足 语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。 We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 谓 宾 宾补 －Food is kept fresh in the fridge. I saw him go into the office building. －He was seen to go into the office building. ; 不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.;下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加－by be covered with …用…覆盖着 be interested in …对…感兴趣 be surprised at …对…感到惊奇 be made of （from）用…制造的;即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to. ;使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表;?1、?不及物动词不用于被动语态。?Appear,?rise,?die,?happen,?occur,?lie,?depart,? belong?to,?break?out,?take?place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。? 2.表状态动词不用于被动语态?常见的有：hold,?have,?cost,?contain,?become,?ail,?look?like等? 3、?某些动词的进行时可表被动? The?meat?is?cooking.肉在煮着。? The?cakes?are?baking,蛋糕在烘。 ?The?book?is?printing.这本书正在印刷。?;4、?主动形式表被动意义。? 1）某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look,?smell,?taste,?feel,?prove,?wear,?sound等?. Her?bedroom?looks?very?clean?and?tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。? 2）动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：want,?deserve,?need,?require,?take,?worth等?. The?book?is?worth?reading.这本书值得一读。The?children?need?looking?after.孩子们需要照看。?; 把下列句子变成被动语态 A car knocked him down yesterday. 2）Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team． 3）When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree．;4)We’ll put on the play next Su