大自然形形色色的晶体.ppt

The Nature of Various Crystal 大自然形形色色的晶体 Today’s topic Carbon Silicon dioxide Other crystal diamond Now ,About 27 countries found that diamond deposits in their country, mostly in Africa, Russia, Australia and Canada. South Africa is the world‘s leading diamond fields. The world’s largest diamond placer in south-west named Africa namibia。The average selling price is higher than the $300 per carat, and more than 95% to gem grade. 目前世界上共有27个国家发现钻石矿床，大部分位于非洲、俄罗斯、澳大利亚和加拿大。 南部非洲是世界主要钻石产区。 世界上最大的钻石砂矿在西南非纳米比亚，平均售价高于300美元/克拉，而且95%以上为宝石级。 The largest gem grade diamond found in South Africas diamond mines in January 1905 ,which known as the star of Africa“. This diamond crystal is not complete,but the color is colorless, transparent, and perfect. Weighing 3106 carats ‘diamond quality also is excellent,. At that time ,the stone reference the mine manager ‘s name ,likunan . 目前世界上最大的宝石级金刚石是1905年1月在南非的普列米尔金刚石矿山发现的、号称“非洲之星”的“库利南”钻石，是一块晶体不太完整的金刚石块，颜色为无色透明、无任何瑕疵、质地极佳、重达3106克拉。当时就用该矿总经理的名字“库利南”来命名。 The story of star of Africa In January 1905, South Africas column mill diamond mine supervisor Buddha dwyer, walking in the field, a flash objects found in the dusk.He thought it was a glass bottle fall in the mud , but when he give it up,and scrape off the dirt, he almost did not believe her eyes, it ‘s a large diamond As big as your fist. 1905年1月，南非普列米尔金刚石矿山的监督员佛烈德维尔，在矿场散步时，在夕阳的反射中发现一件闪光物体，对这件晶莹有光的东西，他以为是掉在泥里的玻璃瓶，用手杖把它挑起、刮去泥土，他几乎不信自己的眼睛，竟是一块大如拳头的金刚石。 这块世界上最大的金刚石，英国政府用75万美元买下，运往英国，并于1907年献给英王爱得华七世，作为英王六十六岁的寿礼。后来这块巨大的金刚石被送往荷兰首都进行切磨。 巨钻分割完毕后，于同年3月3日开始切磨，由三位琢磨专家每天工作14个小时、费了八个月时光，琢磨成最大的四粒钻石。 库利南第一”为梨形、三件中最重的一粒，重530.2克拉，后来镶在英王的权杖上，这粒巨钻称“非洲之星”。它有74个刻面 红宝石 Ruby refers to the color which is red, it is a kind of corundum, main ingredients are alumina (Al2O3), Red color is due to mixed with chromium (Cr)element, most are Cr2O3 which content 0.1 ~ 3% in the crystal , the highest is 4%. Natural ruby mostly come from Burma, Thailand, Sri Lanka, China, Africa, Australia, and the