德国“双元制”模式与中国高职院校“2%2b1”人才培养模式比较研究.pdf

摘要 摘 要 我国社会经济的发展对高等职业教育提出了更高、更新的要求，而高职教 育的发展很大程度上取决于人才培养模式的合理与否。“双元制”是德国很具代 表性的职业教育人才培养模式，已被历史证明很非常成功的，“2+1”模式也是 我国目前被广泛采用的一种高职人才培养模式。本研究就是对这两种模式进行 比较，揭示德国“双元制”成功的经验规律，找出“2+1”模式的不足及发展误 区，探索有效的改革措施，促进其进一步发展完善。文章共分为五个部分。 第一部分，主要阐述了本研究的研究背景、研究目的、研究意义，研究现 状、研究方法、研究创新。第二部分主要是梳理了“双元制”和“2+1”模式的 的概念、发展历程和特点，对两种模式有一个大体上的清晰认识。第三部分， 对“双元制”和“2+1”模式从社会环境、教学体系设计、师资力量、实施过程、 保障体系五方面进行比较，得出相同点和不同点。第四部分，在第三部分比较 的基础上，对比“双元制”，发现我国“2+1”模式存在发展理念落后，缺少良 好社会环境支持、教学组织盲目，体系设计不合理、教师体制落后，师资队伍 薄弱、实施路径单一，缺失有效合作机制、管理体制不当，保障体系不完善五 大问题，针对这五个问题，借鉴“双元制”，提出了更新教育理念，优化“2+1” 社会环境、注重职业能力，建设科学教学体系、培养特色教师，组建高职教师 队伍、搭建校企合作机制，丰富实施路径、构建良性管理体制，完善保障体系 五大提升对策。第五部分，对本研究进行了概括，提出了后续研究期望。 关键词：“双元制”；“2+1”模式 ；比较； II 万方数据 Abstract ABSTRACT The development of Chinas social and economic bring the new requirement of higher vocational education, and the key what play an important role in decide the development of vocational education is the training system reasonable or not . Dual system is the representative system of the German vocational education, it has been proven very successful by history , 2 +1 system has widely used in China currently. This study is to compare these two systems , in order to find the successful experience of German dual system , make a summary about the shortage of “2+1”system , explore some effective reform measures to help “2+1”system get the further development. The article is divided into five parts . The first part , mainly on the background of the study , the purpose of the study, the significance and current research of the study，the research methods ，research and innovation . The second part make a clear line of concept and the development process and the characteristics in the Dual system and 2 +1 system , it is very good for us to get a clear understanding of these two systems. The third part make the comparative between dual system and 2 +1 mode from five aspects such as social environment , instructional s