国有企业过度负债原因和对策研究.pdf

了解决这一问题的迫切性。 国有企业过度负债的成因和不良后果。我国国有企业过度负债的原 因极其复杂,是旧体制与新体制交替时期企业各种矛盾交互作用的产物。 本部分从企业自身、国家经济体制和宏观经济政策三方面对国有企业过 度负债原因进行了由浅入深的剖析,揭示了当前国有企业过度负债的成 因虽主要为体制和政策等客观原因所造成,但企业自身的主观因素亦同 样不可忽视,需要用综合的措施去治理这一问题。同时,国有企业过度 负债又造成国家财政收入减少,诱发我国信用危机,制约企业竞争力, 严重影响国有企业和金融机构(特别是国有专业银行)改革等不良后果。 这一部分是本文论证的出发点和重点之一。 解决国有企业过度负债问题的对策。通过对东欧、拉美和日本等国 的解决企业过度负债问题措施的分析,得出值得借鉴的方法有:分割企 业资产负债表:债转股和中介机构接管债务等。同时,对国内目前解决 这一问题的各种方法进行了分析比较。最后,分析利弊,吸取各家之长, 针对国有企业提出了解决过度负债的新思路和具体的配套方法。新思路 中设想成立一个中介机构,并在规定日期对所有的国有企业进行清产核 资,划分“新”、“lEt”帐,中介机构在接收国有企业所有“旧”帐中不 良债权债务后,由其下设的两个部门采用不同方法对企业进行重组,重 组后的企业按“新”帐正常运行。 方法有:选择最 业和银行间的主 中介机构在重组过程中可采用的具体 国有企业分类管理;债转股:建立企 关键词:国有企业过度负债债务重组债转股 对 孑制度嚣 Abstract The state.owned enterprises are the leading force ofour countrylS economy and the major source ofthe government’s revenue.The performance of the state enterprises will directly affect the future development of the country’S economy.Unfortunately,most ofthe state enterprises are operming in low efficiency and deteriorated financial position.In particular,they face the severe problem ofover.indebtedness which has to a large extent hindered the overall progress ofthe reforms in the areas of the socialist market system, the state enterprises themseNes,and the state banks.Therefore,understanding the difficult situation ofthe state enterprises and trying to find ways to solve the problem ofover—indebtedness are essential to the reform of也e country’s economic system in general and the reform of the state enterprises in particular. The paper will concentrate on the issue of the over-indebtedness of the state enterprises.It will first analyze in depth the outstanding features of the over-indebtedness and the major factors that caused the problem.Then it will introduce experiences and meaSures taken home and abmad in dealing with the over·indebtedness.Finally,the paper will explain the author’S proposal in solving the over-indebtedness of the state enterprises. Analysis of the degree of the over—indebtedness of the state enterprises. From

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