绿盲蝽性诱剂诱捕效果及性干扰剂微囊化研究.pdfVIP

缩略词 摘要 本文针对绿盲蝽性诱剂在葡萄园中的诱捕效果进行了田间试验，根据诱捕 数量监测种群动态，分析了绿盲蝽种群数量与相关气象因子的关系，并且系统 的研究了性干扰剂丁酸己酯微囊的制备工艺，以及不同制备条件对微囊质量的 影响，通过正交设计确定最佳制备条件，测定了粒径分布、包覆率、囊壁强度、 释放速率等指标，并对干扰试剂及微囊进行了田间药效测定。主要研究结果如 下： 1．诱捕器的最佳悬挂高度为1．5 m，诱捕器中放置2个诱芯最为适宜；性 干扰剂发散器小瓶悬挂间隔距离为5 1TI时既可以节省成本又能取得相对较好的 干扰效果；绿盲蝽成虫主要集中在傍晚活动，整个发生期期间出现了四个高峰 期；平均气温和相对湿度对绿盲蝽成虫数量的影响较大。 2．采用相分离法研究了囊芯比、乳化剂种类等9个因素对微囊质量的影响， 依据测定的指标确定了材料的种类及用量。根据单因素预试验，选取了对微囊 质量影响较大的4个因素，每个因素选取了4个水平进行L】6(45)正交试验得出 最佳制各条件：PVA浓度O．5％(m／v)、乳化剂浓度O．5％(m／v)、乙酸乙酯浓度 12％(v／v)、控释剂浓度0．6％(m／v)，并测定了微囊的相关指标。在此条件下制各 的微囊载药量和包覆率分别为21．5 1％、91．94％，且外观较完整，囊壁强度较大， 粒径分布较均匀，缓释效果较好。 3．在田间放置性干扰剂微囊能够干扰绿盲蝽交配，减少样地内绿盲蝽的数 量；放置干扰剂发散器的样地内绿盲蝽产卵量明显少于对照区，小瓶的悬挂间 隔为4 m时，产卵量最少；葡萄枝不同位置产卵量差异比较显著，绿盲蝽越冬 产卵主要集中于葡萄枝条下部的芽鳞内。 关键词：绿盲蝽：诱捕；种群动态：性干扰剂；微囊 II ABSTRACT In this paper，the trapping effect of Apolygus lucorum sex attractant WaS studied in the wine vineyard．Based on the trapping，population dynamics was monitored and the relationship between the number of A．1ucorum population and related meteorological factors were analyzed．At the same time，the preparation process of the interference agent，hexyls butyrate microcapsules and the influence of different preparation conditions on the quality of the microcapsules were studied systematically．The optimal conditions for the preparation were determined by orthogonal design．Not only the indexes of microcapsules such as the particle sizes distribution，the covering rate，the strength of cystic walls，releaSe rate and SO on，but also the field efficacy of the interference agent and microcapsules were determined． The main results aS follows： 1．The most suitable hanging height of the trap WaS 1．5 m in the field．The traps with two lure cores caught much more adults．The suitable distance between hexyls butyrate vials and traps was 5 m．A．1ucorum adults were active in the evening．There were four peaks in the seasonal dynamics．Average temperature and relative humidity had great influences on the number ofA．1ucorum adults． 2．The effect of the capsule core ratio and other fa