Chapter 8 Variability of Wood Within a Species(同种树木的变异性).pptVIP

Chapter 8 Variability of Wood Within a Species(同种树  木的变异性)  Wood produced by trees of the same species is often mistakenly assumed to be identical in all structural and physical characteristics .In fact ,different pieces of wood ,even from the same teee are never identical and are similar only within broad limits.All dimensional and physical characteristics of wood within trees are varible;i.e.,they exhibit a range od values .The variations which are present can be related to radical or axial position of the sample either within an individual growth increment or over a series of growth increments within the tree. ⅠSummation of Principal Factors Affecting Variavility of Wood Properties in Individaul Trees(影响单株树木木材性质变异的主要因子)A.Variability in Cellular Characteristics (细胞特性的变异)The curves representing variation in cell dimensions from pith to bark show greater consistency than those for any other wood characteristic within trees.The general shape of these curves shows minimum values at or close to the pith(髓心）.The magnitude of the cell dimensions increases in the early years near the pith during the period in which most of the cambial maturation(形成层) occurs .As the cambium becomes physiologically mature,the slopes of the curves relating cell dimensions to the age of the cambium become less steep or may show no change.In old age ths slopes of the curves may decline when the cambium again produces cells with reduced dimensions. This general type of pith-to –bark(从髓心到树皮) variation is particularly evident for those axial elements which undergo postcambial elongation .Where postcambial elongation is considerable,as in softwood tracheids and hardwood fibers ,the curves exhibit steep slopes near the pith(Fig7-5).Limited postcambial elongation ,as in vessel elements ,is reflected in the relatively low slopes of the curves near the pith. Tracheid diameters（管胞直径） and cell wall thickness in the softwoods increase from pith to bark but with much less chang