美国Civil War 讲解,英文版.ppt

American civil war American Civil War (1861 - 1865 ) Union vs Confederation the main causes of the civil war the economic growth of abolitionist support from President Economic differences North: Manufacturing industry well established agriculture limited to small-scare farms South: large-scare farming dependent on black slaves -cotton -tobacco Southern economy Plantation economy (cotton) growth of abolitionist Blasting fuse In November 1860,Abraham Lincoln was elected President Balance of power North states 23 Population 22 million Industry 91% GDP 75% wheat production 81% cotton production 4% south 11 9 million 9% 25% 19% 96% The Strategic Plan of Both Sides the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy or the South): defense strategy by Davis the United States (the Union or the North): the Anaconda Plan by general Winfield Scott the first stage the second stage 1862,a series of measures and trategies: Nov. 22nd,1862, Lincoln published The Emancipation Proclamation in advance 1862～1863,the policy of arming the black some major battles the battle of Chickamauga the battle of Vicksburg the battle of Gettysburg Battle of Gettysburg a turning point The north army got the initiative. Influence of the Civil War Influence of the war Two achievements: realize the unification of the American nation End the slavery system The significance of the military affairs frustrated the vestige of British colonial power; had a bad effect on British economy; promoted American sovereignty and profits. It brought enormous damages andcaused 620,000 soldier deaths, and an undetermined number of civilian casualties; The landscape in the Southern war zones was ruined; The total cost of the war exceeded $20 billion; In practice, the principl