新世纪以来日本的能源安全战略和对中国的启示.pdfVIP

位，随着核事故爆发带来的核危机恐慌，日本不得不重新考虑核能在 本国能源结构中的地位，并采取相应的电能政策改革措施。‘是继续谨 慎重用核能发电，还是退一步依赖石油发电，还是积极开发新能源取 代核能发电的地位?如何在电力方面找到稳定安全和节能高效之间 找到最佳的平衡点，目前日本仍在积极探索中。 日本用事实证明了国家所遇到的能源约束是可以通过政策解决 的这一观点，日本能源对外的高度依赖，在日本能源安全战略的调控 下，并没有给日本带来事实上的风险，也没有给日本造成比其他国家 更为严重的经济社会影响，这对中国的能源安全战略具有积极的借鉴 意义，一衣带水的地理位置使得这种借鉴更具有现实可行的意义。在 能源问题日益严峻，能源争夺日渐激烈的现在，中国只有正视能源领 域的问题和挑战，从实际情况出发考虑，积极主动的采取对策措施， 制定具有前瞻性和长远性的能源可持续发展路线，才能为国内经济发 展和社会稳定提供有力的能源安全保障。 关键词：能源安全；能源战略；日本 Abstract 『lUMIII tll HIHIHI Y21 47848 As the second largest economy in the world，energy that Japan needs almost entirely from imports，its security strategy has the characteri st ics of the high dependence on energy imports，which also comes with the vulnerability hidden in the energy system．The oil crisis of the 1970s began to change Japanese energy security strategy，as a part of Japan’S comprehensive security strategy，it was promoted and supported by three generations of the Prime Minister，and finally formed a re lative ly complete energy mechani sm has been wel l established． As a strategic material，the oil iS different from the general materials，SO it should be from the nat ional security and the overall strategic Situation to take it．The oil iS highly dependent on importing in Japan，which has multiple ri sks：the ri sk of being involved in the oi 1 producing countries’conflict：the risk of competing against the oil states：the financial risk that due to the rised oil prices： the risk of conflicting with the hegemonic states：the risk between Japan and the Oi 1 transport Road countri es and SO on． These ri sks wi l l grow up with the increase of the proportion of imports．As an island nation，Japan，the import dependence of oi 1 and other resources i S far greater than the other III cont inental countries，however，according to the 2010 annual report data by Japan’S Natural Resources and Energy 0ffi ce show that the supply routes of non——renewable energy have been stable and sources of energy，oi l reserves，and other parameters have been higher than neigh