早熟梨品种生物学特性调查和套袋试验研究.pdf

5、黄金、圆黄、翠冠梨具有较好的抗黑星病、锈病和轮纹病的能力。三个地区 危害三个梨品种最重的害虫为梨木虱，其次为黄粉蚜，梨小食心虫危害最小；黄金梨 发生梨木虱较圆黄和翠冠重；在郫县的梨木虱和黄粉蚜发生相对较少，而梨小食心虫 发生相对较多。 黄金梨、圆黄梨、翠冠梨具有良好的内在及外观品质，且具有一定的早熟性，尤 其翠冠和圆黄这两个品种，比北方的梨果在时间上更具有竞争性。同时三个品种的抗 病力较强，可以减少农药的使用，既减少了生产成本，又有利于提高梨果品质。在栽 培过程中进行套袋措施也有利于梨果品质的提高和病虫害的防治。 关键词：梨；生物学特性；套袋；品质 2 Abstract In this experiment，the main phonological periods，growing and bearing habits and 丘Llit bagging were studied on W71angkeumbae，Wonhwang and Cuiguan at Xinjin,Pixian and Ya’all in Sichuan．The main results showed that： 1、W7mngkeumbae，Wonhwang and Cuiguan grew an bore normally in the three areas．Except the autumn,the other main phonological periods were similar． Whangkeumbae’S autumn was the longest among the three pear varieties．The main phonological periods of the same pear variety was earlier in Pixian and later in Ya’an．The rates of new tips of the three kinds of pears were the rate of long—shootthe rate of mid—shootthe rate of short-shoot．The rate of long-shoot of Cuiguan Was the highest,but Wonhwang Was the lowest．The rate of long-shoot of three pear varieties was the highest in Ya’an and Was the lowest in Pixian． 2、The setting rates of inflorescence were WonhwangWrhangkeumbaeCuiguan， and the setting rates of flower were WhangkeumbaeCuiguanWonhwang in the three areas．The bearing of three verities relied on the short fruit shoots mainly．The rate of the short fnfit shoot of Wonhwang was the highest,Cuiguan was the lowest． 3、Bagging could distinctly improve outer properties offruits，make fruit dot smaller， peel thinner and fruit surface more smooth．Double-layer bagging Was better than single-layer bagging in improving outer properties．The single fruit’S weight of bagged fruits Was lower than the non—bagged fiuits．The content of TSS，SS，Titratable acid， chlorophyl aand chlorophyl b of bagging fruits were fewer than the non-bagged fruits，and the most double-·layer bagging fruits were fewer than the single··layer bagging fiahts and the non-bagged fruits．The content of carotenoid was oppo