新僵扁桃开花结实特性和冻害的调查观测.pdfVIP

II Study on the Characteristics of Blooming and Bearing and Chilling Injury for Almond in Xinjiang Abstract The flowering phenology, fruit growth and development of almond cultivar ‘Zhipi’, ‘Shuangguo’, ‘Make’ and ‘Kexi’ were observed and different pollination experiment and the chilling injury in 2006 and 2008 were studied. The main results are as follow: 1. The florescence of four main almond cultivars in Yingjisha County of Xinjiang are almost same. The earliest is ‘Shuangguo’, the latest is ‘Kexi’, there’re three days between them. Stigma receptivity of almond lasted for about 4 days. The blooming period of these cultivars was over lapped one another. 2. The results of the pollen germination experiment indicated. ‘Zhipi’, ‘Shuangguo’, and ‘Make’’s germinations rate is high, ‘Kexi’’s germinations rate is low. 3. The results of self-pollinate indicated: In four cultivars, ‘Shuangguo’ has got self-compatibility. The set percentage of ‘Shuangguo’ was 29.05%, the set percentage of ‘Zhipi’ was 12.6%, ‘Kexi’ couldn’t set follow self-pollination, and it was 0. 4. The set percentage follow bees pollination or cross-pollination were higher. The result shows: ‘Zhipi’’s pollination cultivars are ‘Shuangguo’ and ‘Make’; ‘Shuangguo’’s pollination cultivars are ‘Zhipi’ and ‘Make’; ‘Make’’s pollination cultivars are ‘Zhipi’ and ‘Shuangguo’; ‘Kexi’’s pollination cultivars are ‘Shuangguo’ and ‘Zhipi’. 5. The growth curves of fruit fresh weight, cubage and vertical and horizontal diameter presented single “S” trend. There was three stages in the growth curves, the growth velocity of the three stages was the second stagethe first stage the third stage. 93% weight and 97% cubage of fruit were increased at the end of the second stage. The cubage increased faster than the weight. 6. The cold resistance abilities of four cultivars are weak but better than the foreign cultivars. The strong trees are better than the weak trees, ten years-old trees are better