2 综合与分析.pptVIP

I would have asked why Mrs. Dean had deserted the Grange; but it was impossible to delay her at such a crisis, so I turned away and made my exit (Wuthering Heights) 我原想问问迪安太太为什么丢下田庄走了,但是在这个节骨眼上是不能耽搁她的,于是我便转身走了. 大学毕业后我分配到一所学校任教，认识了后来成为我妻子的琳。但我并未引起她的注意，因为那时我实在太平常了。 After graduation from a university, I was assigned to work as a teacher in a high school, where I met Lin, who later became my wife. But I’m so ordinary a man that I never attracted any of her attention then. 综合与分析 汉语属于分析型为主的语言。 英语是从综合型向分析型发展的语言。 语法意义 语法意义包括： 性(gender) 数(number) 格(case) 时(tense) 语态(voice) 语气(mood) 比较级(degree of comparison) 人称(person) 词性(parts of speech) 表达语法意义的手段通常有三种： 形态变化 词序 虚词 形态变化： 即词的形式变化，主要包括两个方面： 构词形态，即起构词作用的词缀变化（affixation），如rapidity。 构形变化，即表达语法意义的词形变化。 New factories are being built all over the country. 全国到处都在兴建新工厂。 （时态，语态，数） The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说此书已译成多种语言。 （语态） They told me that by the end of the year they would have been working together for thirty years. 他们告诉我，到（那年）年底，他们在一起工作就有三十年了。 （时态） During the wartime, years like these would have meant certain death for many people. Many would have become beggars and others would have been compelled to sell their children. 战争期间（要是）碰到这样的年景，很多人肯定会死去，很多人会逃荒要饭，很多人会被迫卖儿卖女。 （语气） Thus encouraged, they made a still bolder plan for the next year. （由于）受到了这样的鼓励，他们为第二年制定了一个更大胆的计划。 （比较） He moves with astonishing rapidity. 他行进速度之快，令人惊讶。 （性，人称，词性） 综合型语言：指这种语言主要通过词本身的形态变化来表达语法意义。英语的词形态变化相对丰富，并集中体现在动词的形态变化上，形成以动词形态变化为主轴的句法结构模式，意义紧紧与句法形态相结合。 A synthetic language is characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships. inflected forms ：屈折变化 分析型语言，是指这种语言中的语法意义主要不是通过词本身的形态变化来表达，而是通过虚词，词序等词汇手段来表达。 An analytic language is characterized by