01Polarization of Light.pptVIP

Polarization of Light Bilingual Physics * * * * We have known that light is a kind of electromagnetic wave Is it a longitudinal waves or a transverse waves? Let’s come to an experiment Polarization of light We put two polaroids before the light source, and rotate the analyzer, we see that the intensity of the emerging light from the analyzer changes from max. to zero. It’s the POLARIZATION OF LIGHT which shows that light is a transverse waves. We have the Malus’ Law to show the relation of I and the θ I=I0cos2α Vector E is the superposition of components EX and EY When the light passes through the vertical polarizer, only the EY can get through. So E=EY=E0cosα And I=K E2 then we have the equation Malus’ Law The five states of polarization of light Unpolarized light Plane polarized light Partially polarized light Circular polarized light Elliptically polarized light Usually,we can use a polaroid sheet to get polarized light from unpolarized light. Polaroid sheet has a special direction called polarizing direction ,the direction of vibration of the polarized light is parallel to the polarizing direction. Partially polarized light can be reflection or refraction of an unpolarized light, it means that one direction of vibration is stronger than that in other direction. Above shows the different phases of the elliptically polarized light. When two polarized light beams meet together, with the perpendicular directions of vibration, same frequency and phase difference λ/2, the resultant light beam has its special direction of vibration at any moment, its direction of vibration rotates around the light ray in propagation, the end of the vector of the resultant light beam rotates around an elliptical orbit in the plane perpendicular to the ray. If the amplitudes of the above mentioned two polarized light are equal, the end of E vector of the resultant wave rota