unit 10-2010.pptVIP

Note 2: 其他元素的烷数词头的尾“a”不能省。 SiH3-[SiH2]11-SiH3 Tridecasilane NH2-[NH]5-NH2 Heptaazane CH3[CH2]5CH3 Heptane CH3[CH2]10CH3 Dodecane PH2[PH]7PH2 Nonaphosphane 3. Alkoxy 烷氧基 phenoxy C6H5-O– phenoxy propan-2-yloxy (CH3)2CH-O– isopropoxy 2-(methylpropan-2-yl)oxy (CH3)3C-O– tert-butoxy butan-2-yloxy CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-O– sec-butoxy butoxy CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-O– butoxy PIN Structure Retained Name Methyl tert-butyl ether 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane(PIN) ethyl propyl ether 1-ethoxypropane (PIN) 当烷烃的骨架链原子被其他杂原子无规占有时，用杂原子前缀词头修饰原来的命名，但总骨架链原子数要将杂原子计入。 CH3OCH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH3 2,4,7-Trioxanonane 2,4,7-三氧杂壬烷 SiH3-S-SiH2-S-[SiH2]2-S-SiH2-S-SiH2-S-Si2H5 2,4,7,9,11-Pentathiatridecasilane 2,4,7,9,11-五硫杂十三硅烷 4. Alkene 烯烃 Alkenes are named according to a series of rules similar to those used for alkanes,with the suffix –ene used in place of –ane to identify the family. Step 1 Name the parent hydrocarbon. Find the longest carbon chain that contains the double bond, and name the compound using the suffix -ene Step 2 Number the carbon atoms in the chain, beginning at the end nearer the double bond. Step 3 Write the full name, numbering the substituents according to their position in the chain and listing them alphabetically. 乙烯: Ethene(最规范); Ethylene 丙烯: Propene(最规范); Propylene 1-丁烯: But-1-ene(PIN); 1-butene(formerly) 2-丁烯：But-2-ene(PIN); 2-butene(formerly) PIN: 2,3-dimethyl-hex-3-ene Formerly:2,3-dimethyl-3-hexene PIN: 3-Methyl-but-1-ene Formerly: 3-Methyl-1-butene 2-Ethyl-pent-1-ene 3-methylideneoctane(PIN) Formerly: 2-ethylhept-1-ene 二烯: alkadiene 三烯: alkatriene CH2=C=CH2 :丙二烯 propadiene Common Name：allene Formerly: 1,4-hexadiene PIN: hexa-1,4-diene 1,3-丁二烯: CH2=CH-CH=CH2 buta-1,3-diene (PIN); Formerly: 1,3-butadiene CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CH2CH3 PIN : Deca-2,7-diene Formerly: 2,7-Decadiene CH2=CH-CH2-CH2CH3 Pent-1-ene (PIN) CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH2 Deca-1,3,5,7,9-pentaene 癸-1,3,5,7,9-五烯 11-Methylidenetritriacontane 11-亚甲基三十三烷 5. Alkyne 炔烃 乙炔 ethyne (common