50例儿童肾功能不全临床分析.docVIP

50例儿童肾功能不全临床分析 　　[摘要] 目的 探究肾功能不全患儿的临床病理特点，为临床提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月―2014年12期间在该院收治的50例儿童慢性肾功能不全患者的临床资料，对50例患儿的病因、临床特点，情况进行分析。结果 ①在50例儿童慢性肾功能不全的患者中，获得性肾小球疾病33例，占66%。先天性肾脏畸形12例，占24%。②儿童慢性肾功能不全主要临床表现为肾性贫血、高血压、电解质紊乱、代谢性酸中毒、生长发育迟缓和感染等。③50例慢性肾功能不全患儿均有贫血，血红蛋白与血肌酐呈负相关关系[结论过于笼统，没有针对结果。 结论 小儿肾功能不全以获得性肾小球为主要发病原因，肾功能减退越明显，贫血越重。临床上慢性肾脏疾病患儿如出现持续性贫血时应警惕发生肾功能不全的可能，可借助于贫血的程度帮助估计肾功能不全的严重程度，尽早治疗，提高生存质量。 　　[关键词] 慢性肾功能不全；儿童；临床分析 　　[中图分类号] R692 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2015）04（c）-0013-03 　　[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical and pathological features of renal insufficiency in children， and provide reference for clinical. Methods A retrospective analysis from January 2010 to December 2014 in our hospital 50 cases of chronic renal insufficiency in children patients with the clinical data of 50 cases of children， etiology， clinical features， case analysis. Results In 50 patients with chronic renal insufficiency in children acquired glomerular disease in 33 cases， accounting for 66%. Congenital renal malformation in 12 cases， accounting for 24%. The children with chronic renal insufficiency the main clinical manifestations of renal anemia， hypertension， electrolyte disturbances， metabolic acidosis， growth retardation and infection. In 50 cases of chronic renal insufficiency patients had anemia， a negative relationship between hemoglobin and serum creatinine. Conclusion Children with renal insufficiency to obtain glomerulonephritis as the main cause of disease， renal dysfunction is more obvious， more severe anemia. Clinical on children with chronic kidney diseases such as alert the occurrence of renal insufficiency may be persistent anemia， with the degree of anemia to help assess the severity， renal insufficiency treatment as soon as possible， improve the quality of life. 　　[Key words] Chronic renal insufficiency； Children； Clinical analysis 　　肾功能不全分为急性肾功能不全和慢性肾功能不全。其中急性肾功能不全是指短时间内肾脏迅速丧失维持机体内环境稳定而出现的临床症侯群，可伴或不伴少尿、无尿[1-2]。慢性肾功能不全（CRI）是由多种疾病引起的慢性持久性肾功能减退[3-4]。它是代谢性废物在在体内潴留，呈