翻译讲解与练习答案.docVIP

翻译讲解与练习答案 第一讲被动Effective measures must be taken immediately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 2 is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 3 will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时） 4 can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态） 5 he was fired by the company 6 It had been believed that the earth was flat 考点：1. It+be+动词-ed+that从句，谓语动词是admit, assume, believe, expect, find, know, note, prove, recognize, report, say, see, state, stress, suggest, suppose, understand等时，常用此结构；2.此句是被动语态的过去完成时 7 gets punished for a crime that he didn’t commit 考点：get+动词-ed形式，在现代英语中，get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言，动作的执行者往往不表达出来 1 half as much money 2 nothing is more attractive to me than reading 或to me, nothing is more important than readingmore likely to put on weight 7 rather worse than I had expected 考点：rather可用在比较级前，意为a little或slightly 8 the thinner the air becomes（考点：“越……越……”结构） 第二讲虚拟语气 would have had a chance to survive或would have survived might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling. 3 must be wrong 4 as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly （考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑； as if/as though引导的从句中亦可用过去完成式表示过去想象中的动作或情况 5 he had known this disease is curable （考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与 I wish…基本相同） 6 I would seize the opportunity without hesitation （考点：1.表示与现在事实相反：从句用过去式，主句用“should/would/could/might +do”；2.此句省去if，采用倒装的形式来表示条件） 7 we could not have rent a house at such a low price （考点：but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语。） 8 If it had rained, the ground would be wet （考点：在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式） 9 the mid-term exams should be canceled （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及名词所接的宾语或同位语从句通常用“ that sb. should do”的虚拟形式。） 10 we should be short of water in a country where it is always raining （考点：在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议、惊奇等。） 11 measures were taken to solve the pr