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愠瑴潥牡敢潬-ChestnutBlightCryphonectria.ppt
Chestnut BlightCryphonectria parasitica The American Chestnut(Castanea dentata) American Chestnut: Range Maine to Georgia and west to Ohio and Tennessee. (Braun, 1950) Commonly made up 25% or more of mixed stands Formed pure stands on many dry Appalachian ridgetops and near densely populated areas. American Chestnut: Habitat Common on midslopes and other moderately dry soils Shared moist meso-phytic soils with many other species Tap root 4 to 5 ft down “Redwoods of the East” Mature chestnuts could be 600 years old and average up to five feet in diameter and 100 feet tall Many specimens of 8 to 10 feet in diameter were recorded American Chestnut: Ecological Importance Wildlife depended on the abundant crop of chestnuts Many species of insects fed on the leaves, flowers, and nuts American Chestnut: Economic Importance Throughout much of the range chestnut had the most timber volume of any species Half the standing timber volume of CT Was the major source of tannin for leather production (6-11 % tannin content) Chestnuts “From cradle to casket…” Fast growing reached half ultimate height by 20th year Resistant to decay Straight and tall often branch free for 50 feet Only white pine tulip poplar could grow taller “From cradle to casket…” Posts railroad ties Telephone poles (65 feet) Construction Fuel Fine furniture musical instruments American Chestnut: Economic Importance Scientific forest management in the US was just getting started when the country lost its most important hard wood species (Smith, 2000) Foresters had begun to develop comprehensive plans for intensive management Near densely populated areas Chestnut often formed nearly complete stands due to rapid growth from stump sprouts repeated coppicing for fuelwood Experts estimate that American Chestnut represented half the commercial value of all Eastern North American hardwoods “… the most valuable and usable tree that ever grew in the Eastern United States.” Introdu
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