潒敢瑲-Notes.pptVIP

cs533d-term1-2005 cs533d-winter-2005 Notes Assignment 1 due today Geometry The plane is easy Interference: y0 Collision: y became negative Normal: constant (0,1,0) Can work out other analytic cases (e.g. sphere) More generally: triangle meshes and level sets Heightfields sometimes useful - permit a few simplifications in speeding up tests - but special case Splines and subdivision surfaces generally too complicated, and not worth the effort Blobbies, metaballs, and other implicits are usually not as well behaved as level sets Point-set surfaces: becoming a hot topic Implicit Surfaces Define surface as where some scalar function of x,y,z is zero: {x,y,z | F(x,y,z)=0} Interior (can only do closed surfaces!) is where function is negative {x,y,z | F(x,y,z)0} Outside is where it’s positive {x,y,z | F(x,y,z)0} Ground is F=y Example: F=x2+y2+z2-1 is the unit sphere Testing Implicit Surfaces Interference is simple: Is F(x,y,z)0? Collision is a little trickier: Assume constant velocityx(t+h)=x(t)+hv Then solve for h: F(x(t+h))=0 This is the same as ray-tracing implicit surfaces… But if moving, then need to solveF(x(t+h), t+h)=0 Try to bound when collision can occur (find a sign change in F) then use secant search Implicit Surface Normals Outward normal at surface is just Most obvious thing to use for normal at a point inside the object (or anywhere in space) is the same formula Gradient is steepest-descent direction, so hopefully points to closest spot on surface: direction to closest surface point is parallel to normal there We really want the implicit function to be monotone as we move towards/away from the surface Building Implicit Surfaces Planes and spheres are useful, but want to be able to represent (approximate) any object Obviously can write down any sort of functions, but want better control Exercise: write down functions for some common shapes (e.g. cylinder?) Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) Look at set operations on two objects [Complement, Union, Intersec