钙过量对茶树新梢品质成分及根系生长的动态影响.docVIP

钙过量对茶树新梢品质成分及根系生长的动态影响 　　摘要：以平阳特早一年生茶树幼苗为试验材料，设置90、150、210、270 mg/L Ca2+浓度进行钙过量水培培养，研究其对茶树幼苗、新梢主要品质成分的动态影响，同时测定了根系形态的动态变化。结果表明，钙过量处理前2周，茶多酚含量在较低钙过量（90、150 mg/L）条件下增加，这可能是茶多酚作为抗氧化剂对钙过量胁迫的抗性；氨基酸含量从第三周开始表现出下降，且随着处理时间的增加，下降幅度越大；咖啡碱含量处理第一周即出现下降，随着处理时间的增加，下降幅度增大。钙过量对根系的伤害主要表现在根尖数减少和较高Ca2+浓度（210、270 mg/L）条件下，根系表面会附着一层白色黏膜抑制新根的生长。钙过量处理可直接造成茶树根系吸收根的衰亡，进而逐步影响到茶树新梢品质成分的合成。 　　关键词：茶树；钙过量；新稍；品质成分；根系 　　中图分类号：S571.1；Q493 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）17-4108-04 　　Dynamic Effects of Excessive Calcium on Biochemical Components in Young 　　Shoots and Root Growth of Tea 　　SHEN Jia-zhi，ZHANG Xin-fu，HU Jian-hui 　　（College of Horticulture， Qingdao Agricultural University， Qingdao 266109， Shandong， China） 　　Abstract： Ca2+ concentration was applied at 90，150，210， 270 mg/L with hydroponic method to study the effects of excessive calcium treatment on the main biochemical components in young shoots of annual Pingyangtezao tea seedlings. Dynamic changes of morphological growth of tea root were determined. The results showed that content of tea polyphenols increased at 90 mg/L and 150 mg/L of Ca2+ concentration in the first two weeks， which might be one of resistance mechanisms of tea polyphenols as antioxidant to excessive calcium stress. Contents of amino acids had a downward trend from the third week. Caffeine content appeared to decrease from the first week. The decreasing trend of content of amino acids and caffeine increased with the time extension of excessive calcium treatment. The effects of excessive calcium on roots damage were mainly focused on the decrease of root tip number. The root surface was covered with white mucosa at higher Ca2+ concentration （210，270 mg/L）， which would restrain the growth of the new root. Excessive calcium treatment can directly cause the decline of tea tree absorb root， and then affect the synthesis of biochemical components in young shoots. 　　Key words： tea tree； excessive calcium； young shoots； biochemical components； roots 　　对钙的存在不适应的植物称为嫌钙植物