课内生物专业英语词汇(S-Z).docVIP

Salivary amylase??an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands that begins the breakdown of complex sugars and starches. Saturated fat a fat with single Covalent bonds between the carbons of its fatty acids. 饱和脂肪 Secretion??the release of a substance in response to the presence of food or specific neural or hormonal stimulation. 分泌 Semiconservative replication??process of DNA replication in which the DNA helix is unwound and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand, which is linked to the old strand. Thus, one old strand is retained in each new molecule. Sex chromosomes the Chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism. In humans, females have two x chromosomes, and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome. Chromosome that determines the gender (sex) of the individual. Human males have a large x and a smaller y sex chromosomes, while human females have two x sex chromosomes. Sex hormones??a group of steroid类固醇 Hormones produced by the adrenal Cortex. Hormones that are produced in the Gonads and promoted development and maintainence of the secondary sex characteristics and structures, prepare the female for pregnancy, and aid in development of GameteGametes. Males produce testosterone, （睾丸激素）while females produce Estrogen （雌激素）and progesterone. Sex linkage the condition in which the inheritance of a sex chromosome is coupled with that of a given gene; e. g., red-green color blindness and Hemophilia in humans. Traits located on the x-chromosome. 性连锁，伴性（遗传） Sexual reproduction??a system of reproduction in which two Haploid sex cells (Gametes) fuse to produce a Diploid zygote. Short-day plants??plants that flower during early spring or fall when nights are relatively long and days are short; e. g., poinsettia一品红 and dandelions. Sickle cell anemia human autosomal recessive disease that causes production of abnormal red blood cells that collapse (or sickle) and cause circulatory problems. Sister chr