无色散原子荧光-光散射法测定标准样品水溶液中铵的初步研究.docxVIP

天 津 师 范 大 学本科毕业论文题目：无色散原子荧光-光散射法测定标准样品水溶液中铵的初步研究学 院：生命科学学院学生姓名：韩恺学 号：1230170062专 业：生物科学年 级：2012级完成日期：2016年4月25日指导教师：段旭川无色散原子荧光-光散射法测定标准样品水溶液中铵的初步研究摘要：原子荧光光谱法是一种通过用入射光源的光辐射激发被测物质，使其放出一定强度的原子荧光而检测样品中被测物质含量的方法。由于其具有灵敏度高、线性范围宽、仪器检出限低且元素的谱线简单等特点，因而被广泛地应用于化学分析之中。化学蒸汽发生是原子荧光光谱法常用的进样方法。化学蒸汽发生具有传输效率高，检出限低，干扰小等优点。并且其记忆效应小，能够通过一定的化学反应将被测物质转化为气相分子，使其进入原子荧光光谱仪后能够更容易地被测定出来。目前原子荧光光谱主要用于容易形成挥发物元素的测定，而尚未用于非金属元素化合物的测定。环境中的铵主要来源于人及其他生物的排泄物，主要存在于粪便、尿液以及汗液当中。过高铵浓度的水体也会呈现出富营养化，导致藻类的快速繁殖，影响水体中鱼类等的正常生长。且在一定的温度和pH值的条件下，水体中的铵还会转化成为游离氨，游离氨也会对水源造成一定的污染。本文初步探究了通过化学蒸汽发生进样，结合无色散原子荧光-光散射法作为分析手段检测样品中的铵含量的方法。关键词：化学蒸汽发生 无色散原子荧光-光散射法 铵Preliminary study on the determination of ammonium in aqueous solution by non dispersive Atomic - Fluorescence SpectrometryAbstract:Atomic fluorescence spectrometry is a method of measuring the content of substance in the sample by the excitation of the light radiation with an incident light source to emit a certain intensity of atomic fluorescence. Because of its high sensitivity, wide linear range, low detection limit of the instrument and simple spectral lines of elements, it is widely used in chemical analysis. Chemical vapor generation is a commonly used method in the atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Chemical vapor generation has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, low detection limit, small interference and so on. And its memory effect is small, can through a certain chemical reaction will be measured substances into gas molecules, so that it can be more easily into the atomic fluorescence spectrometer to be measured out. At present, atomic fluorescence spectrometry is mainly used for the determination of volatile elements, which has not yet been used for the determination of non metallic compounds. In the environment of ammonium mainly comes from human and other biological excrement, urine and feces, mainly in the sweat. High ammonium concentration of the water body will also show a eutrophication, resulting in the rapid propagation of algae, affectin