胡松明国际金融期末要点整理.docxVIP

名词解释：1.国际收支的概念：The balance of payments is a complete recorders of the total market value of goods,services and financial assets that domestic residents,firms and governments exchange with residents of other nations during a given period.2.国际收支平衡表：The balance-of-payments system is a complete tabulation of the total market value of goods,services and financial assets that domestic residents,firms,and governments exchange with residents of other nations during a given period.3.Meade Conflict：在固定汇率制下，一国如果只是用支出调整政策或支出转移政策调节宏观经济运行，在国际收支逆差和国内经济衰退并存，或者国际收支顺差和通货膨胀并存时，可能在对内平衡和对外平衡之间发生冲突，经济学上称之为米德冲突。固定汇率制下内部均衡与外部均衡的搭配与矛盾4.Direct Quotation（直接标价法） Express how many native currency units it takes to purchase one unit of foreign currency.5.Indirect Quotation（间接标价法） Express how many foreign currency units it takes to purchase one native currency unit6.Nominal Exchange Rate名义汇率 is a bilateral exchange rate that is unadjusted for changes in the two nation’s price levels.7.Real Exchange Rate实际汇率 is a bilateral exchange rate that has been adjusted for price changes that occurred in the two nations.8.Effective Exchange Rate（EER）名义有效汇率is a measure of the weighted-average value of a currency relative to a selected group of currencies based on NER.9.Real Effective Exchange Rate(REER)实际有效汇率 is a measure of the weighted-average value of a currency relative to a selected group of currencies based on their real exchange rate(RER).10.广场协定：《广场协定》是美国与西方七国和日本签署的一个协议，主要内容是美元对欧洲和日本主要货币进行主动性贬 值，从而宣布布雷顿森林体系瓦解，美元不再与黄金挂钩。广场协定的签订，对日本经济恶化产生了很大的影响。内容包括：抑制通货膨胀、扩大内需、减少贸易干预、协作干预外汇市场，使美元对主要货币有序地下调.协议中规定日元与马克应大幅升值以挽回被过分高估的美元价格。11.特里芬难题：作为建立在黄金—美元本位基础上的布雷顿森林体系，其根本缺陷在于美元及时一国货币优势世界货币。为了满足世界经济增长，各国的需要，美元的供应应当不断地增长;但这又会导致美元同黄金的兑换性日益难以维持。维持充足的美元供给与美元兑换黄金的信心的两难问题，是特里芬教授50年代首先提出的，故称特里芬难题。12.J-Curve Effect(J曲线效应)：A phenomenon in which a depreciation of the domestic currency causes a nation’s balance of payments to worsen before it improves.13.Law of One Price(一价定律)假设其他条件不变，在有效率市场的情况下，任何同质物品的价值应该等同。”不考虑其产成方法或生产地等因素，即是忽略所有