Chapter 2 Linux file system.pptVIP

Chapter 2: Linux File System Chengfu Sun CONTENTS Structure of Linux File System The Files of Linux System File Systems galore Working with File System The Shell Structure of Linux file System The Linux file system provides a logical method to organize, retrieve and manage information. The structure of the file system is hierarchical. It looks like an organization chart or an inverted tree. (continued) Example: The Files of Linux System The file is the basic unit of the Linux system. The types of Linux Files: Ordinary Files. Directories. Special Files Filenames Linux allows filenames to be up to 256 characters long. The filenames contain: Lower- and uppercase letters. Number Other characters, such as the dash(-), the underscore(_), and the dot(.) The filenames can’t include reserved metacharacters: asteristk (*) Question mark (?) Backslash (/) Space ( ) Ordinary Files Ordinary file is the most basic concept in computer systems. A file is a distinct chunk of information found on your hard drive. Every file must have a unique identity. Each file is identified by its name and locations. Common Types of Files The most familiar file types: User data: Information that you create and update. Plain text Numbers More complicated user data System data: Information that is read and used by the Linux system Often in plain text form. Keep track of which users are allowed on the system. Executable files: These files contain instructions that your computer can perform. This set of instructions is often called a program. Creating or modifying executable files takes special tools. Directories Linux organizes files in directories. In Linux, file folders can contain other file folders. Features: Parent directories and subdirectories The Root Directory How Directories Are Named Lower- and uppercase letters. Number Other characters, such as the dash(-), the underscore(_), and the dot(.) Examples: 1.usr/bin; 2. / (root directory) The Home Directory Linux provides each user with hi