Minita Presentation.ppt

1、Minitab的基本操作 Minitab有五个标准窗口: Session Project Manager Graph Data Worksheet Open a project (worksheet): Fileopen project (open worksheet) Filenew minitab project (worksheet) Keyboard shortcuts Show worksheets folder: Ctrl+Alt+D Show graphs folder: Ctrl+Alt+G Show session folder: Ctrl+Alt+M Edit last dialog: Ctrl+E 2、基本图形分析 用CAP .MTW中的数据，创建柱形图以描述频率分布的形状) In Minitab:GraphHistogram… 3.1、基本统计量分析 3.2、相关与回归 相关系数(r) 为 -1 和+1之间的某个数值。 ‘-1’ 表示有很强的负相关 ‘0’ 表示完全不相关 ‘+1’ 表示有很强的正相关 判定规则: 相关系数 (r) .80 或者 -.80 为显著 相关系数(r) 在 -.80 和 .80 之间不显著 为更加明显的表示 X (Predictor) 与 Y (Response)的关系，我们用Fitted Line Plot进行分析 打开 DMCorrelation – Regression.mpj 3.3、假设检验 假设检验能帮助你通过数据作出决断，确定什么才是真正影响过程的因素 介绍假设检验 介绍假设检验程序 学习以下假设检验方法 VARIANCE TESTING (方差检验)Test for equal variances MEAN TESTING (均值检验)2 sample t-test PROPORTIONS TESTING(比例检验)2 proportions test Global Warming Example 假设检验的基本概念 假设检验的基本概念 无处不在的P值! 假设检验的判定 如何设定 P值 ? We would like there to be less than a 10% chance that these observations could have occurred randomly (? = .10) Five percent is much more comfortable (? = .05) One percent feels very good (? = .01) The selection of the alpha level is based on the consequences of an incorrect decision to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. 3.4、方差分析（ANOVA) 3.5、实验设计（DOE) 2K-Run the Experiment and Collect the Data 2K-Run the Experiment and Collect the Data 2K DOE 2K DOE But what is the basis for the ‘red line’? The Ho is that there are no significant effects (none of the terms are significant) Therefore, we would expect the Effects to be 0 to support the Ho The red line is a confidence limit based on our Alpha level that establishes a basis for saying ‘Anything beyond that limit is different than 0’ The calculation of the line is based on a few factors: Experimental error a level Total number of runs in the experiment Degrees of Freedom As we reduce the model, the position of the line will also change! 去掉三因子的交互作用ABC进行重复分析 将有足够的自由度来得到