英汉对比与翻译(好).pptVIP

What Is Language Transfer? Transfer is the influence resulting from the similarities and differences between the target language and any other language that has been previously acquired . Odlin (1989: 27) 迁移是由于目标语与已经习得的语言之间的相似和差异而产生的 影响。 奥德林 Two Types of Transfer Negative Transfer (负迁移) Errors arise from analogy. 类推会产生错误。 Positive Transfer （正迁移） Errors decrease by analysis. 分析能减少错误。 Negative Transfer (负迁移): Interference (干扰) Causes: analogical use of one’s prior knowledge of the mother tongue 母语先知结构的类推运用 scanty knowledge of differences between the two languages 对两种语言的差异所知甚少 unconscious falling back on the mother tongue speech habit 不自觉地回归母语的言语习惯 Chinglish = English words + Chinese structure 汉语式英语 = 英语单词 + 汉语结构 Native Language Transfer Does Exist.母语迁移现象确实存在 The age of the learner: around 20 学习者的年龄：20上下 The learning context：Chinese 学习的语境：汉语 Examples of Negative Transfer Phonological transfer (语音迁移) The sound /n/ or /f/ does not exist in some Chinese dialects and /l/ or /h/ serves as a substitute. 在有些中国方言（如南京/闽南方言）中没有辅音/n/或/f/，而用辅音/l/或/h/来替代。 Examples of Negative Transfer He only eat two meal a day. Examples of Negative Transfer Shanghai is said to have thirty-three million population. Examples of Negative Transfer Measures must be taken to narrow the gap between the poor and the rich. Examples of Negative Transfer He suggested me to accept this offer . Examples of Negative Transfer 6. -- Your English is wonderful. -- Oh, no. My English is still poor. Two Types of Transfer Negative Transfer (负迁移) Errors arise from analogy. 类推会产生错误。 Positive Transfer （正迁移） Errors decrease by analysis. 分析能减少错误。 Difference BetweenComparative Study and Contrastive Study Comparative Study lays emphasis on the similarities between l