Chapter 2 English history.pptVIP

English history Overview of Periods of Early English HistoryPre-History—1066 A. D. Pre-Roman/Pre-Historical ? up to 55 B. C. Roman Occupation ? 55 B. C. – 410 A. D. Anglo-Saxon Period ? 410 – 787 A. D. Viking Invasions ? 787 – 1066 A. D. Norman Conquest begins in 1066 Pre-Historical / Pre-Roman Pre-Historical / Pre-Roman The island we know as England was occupied by a race of people called the Celts. One of the tribes was called they Brythons or Britons where we get the term Britain The Celts were Pagans 异教徒 and their religion was know as “animism” 万物有灵论 a Latin word for “spirit.” Celts saw spirits everywhere Druids were their priests; their role was to go between the gods and the people Roman Occupation Important Events During Roman Occupation Julius Caesar begins invasion/occupation in 55 B.C. Occupation completed by Claudius in 1st cent. A.D. Hadrian’s Wall built about 122 A.D. Romans “leave” in 410 A.D. because Visigoths attack Rome St. Augustine the “other” St. Augustine! lands in Kent in 597 and converts King Aethelbert king of Kent, the oldest Saxon settlement to Christianity; becomes first Archbishop of Canterbury Important Cultural and Historical Results of the Roman Occupation Military—strong armed forces “legions” Pushed Celts into Wales and Ireland Prevented Vikings from raiding for several hundred years: C. Warren Hollister writes, “Rome’s greatest gift to Britain was peace” 15. Infrastructure Government fell apart when they left Walls, villas, public baths some remains still exist Language and Writing Latin was official language Practice of recording history led to earliest English “literature” being documentary Religion Christianity beginning to take hold, especially after St. Augustine converts King Aethelbert The Most Important Results of the Roman Occupation Latin heavily influenced the English language Relative Peace Christianity begins to take hold in England but does not fully displace Paganism for several hundred years The Anglo-Sax