zx((劳动密集型产品出口所面临的市场风读险分析.doc

内容摘要：随着我国特色社会主义经济的不断发展和经济全球化的需要，我国经济早已开始由内向型经济转为外向型经济，越来越多的国有、民营企业面向国际或走出国门，企业的战略也由国内化走向国际化。因此、近些年来我国出口经济所占比重不断增加，所得外汇收益也越来越多，而且每年都创历史新高，但是在这所有的荣誉和令人高兴的数据背后都有着一个很大的弊病，我国是先型的工业化国家，科学技术还欠发达，出口经济以劳动密集型经济为主，这一点决定我国对外经济发展中存在着先天的底气不足。随着国际金融危机对世界经济的负面影响进一步扩大，对我国经济造的冲击越来越明显，中小企业陷入成本升高、融资困难加剧、外贸出口受阻的困境劳动密集型产品出口面临的市场Abstract：Along with our country socialism characteristic of the continuous development of the economy and economic globalization, our economy had already started needed by internal-oriented economy into export-oriented economy, more and more state-owned and private enterprises face international or go abroad, the enterprise strategic also by domestic zed trend internationalization. Therefore, our country export economy in recent years, increasing the proportion of the foreign exchange earnings income is also more and more every year, and a record, but in this all honor and happily behind the data has a great evils, our country is the first type, science and technology have industrialized countries, export economy underdeveloped with labor-intensive economic primarily, it decided to Chinas foreign economic developing exists innate definitively if. Along with the international financial crisis of the negative impact on the world economy expanded further, the impacts on our economy is more and more obvious, and small and medium-sized enterprises in rising cost, financing growing difficulties, foreign export blocked dilemma, labor-intensive products export facing severe market challenges. Key words：Labor-intensive economy foreign export challenge 一、劳动密集型产业经济的含义 劳动密集型产业是指进行生产主要依靠大量使用劳动力，而对技术和设备的依赖程度低的产业。其衡量的标准是在生产成本中工资与设备折旧和研究开发支出相比所占比重较大，具体判断标准如下； 首先，判断经济的粗放型或集约标准应从总和要素生产率而不能仅从单一要素生产率的角度来加以判别。,技术进步是转变经济增长方式的核心，但技术进步也并不是否定劳动密集型产业的发展的优势和带来的社会效益，因此我们不能简单的认为劳动密集型经济就是低成本、低工资、高污染、低廉的劳动力、工人代遇低没有保障机制，发展劳动密集型出口对环境的高污染为代价。 二、劳动密集型产业经济的现况及特点 （一）劳动密集型产业发展阶段性劳动密集型产业伴随着经济发展的全过程，逐步由占主导地位阶段向 占非主导地位阶段过渡。当经济发展到劳动力资源优势的边际能力得到最大限度发挥时，由 于市场机制的作用，只是逐渐被资本和技术密集型主导的产业所替代，这