介词的选用原则.docVIP

关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用 whom 指人，which 指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如： 1. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? 2. Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to? 3. The pencil (which / that) he was writing with suddenly broke. 介词的选用原则 1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭 配来决定。如： ① This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. spend money on sth.为固定搭配) This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan. (pay money for sth.为固定搭配) 2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如： ①I remember the day on which I joined the League. on ②I remember the days during which I lived here. 强调在某几天时间内要用介词during ③I remember the month in which I stayed there. 在month前介词要用in 3) 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关 系。 Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 4) 根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配。 Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m not sure？ 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 ①This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. 这是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking ② The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。 The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如： I don’t like the way (that / in which/ --) you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。 介词+关系代词”前或后还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如： ① He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. ② In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which (=of which some) have gone bad. ③ There are 80 students in our class in all, most of whom (=of whom most) are from big cities.