高电压技术作者吴广宁第一章1.2课件.pptVIP

如果把空气压缩，使气压大大超过0.1MPa，它的电气强度能得到显著提高。这主要是因为提高气压可以大大减小电子的自由行程长度，从而削弱和抑制了电离过程。 If compress the air to make the pressure much higher than 0.1MPa, its electric intensity can be improved significantly. This is mainly because increase the air pressure can greatly reduce the length of electron free-path, thus weakening and suppression of the ionization process. 如能在采用高气压的同时，再以某些高电气强度气体（如SF6）代替空气，那就能获得更好的效果。 If the introduction of high pressure, simultaneously adoption of some high dielectric strength gases (such as SF6) instead of air, it will be able to get much better results. 5. 高真空和高电气强度气体SF6的采用 The adoption of high vacuum and high electric strength gas SF6 采用高真空也可以减弱气隙中的碰撞电离过程，从而显著提高气隙的击穿电压。 High-vacuum gap can also weaken the impact ionization process, thus significantly improve the breakdown voltage. 在电力设备中，实际采用高真空作为绝缘媒质的情况还不多，主要因为在各种设备的绝缘结构中大都还要采用各种固体或液体介质，它们在真空中都会逐渐释出气体，使高真空难以长期保持。 In electrical equipment, the practical applications of high vacuum as the insulating medium is not very often, largely because most of them adopt kinds of solid or liquid medium in their insulation structures, which will gradually release some gases, so that it is difficult to maintain high vacuum state for long. 有一些含卤族元素的强电负性气体电气强度特别高，因而可称之为高电气强度气体。采用这些气体来替换空气，可以大大提高气隙的击穿电压，甚至在空气中混入一部分这样的气体也能显著提高其电气强度。 Some halogen-containing strong electronegative gases of extremely high electric intensity can be called high dielectric strength gases. Use of these gases to replace the air, can greatly improve the air-gap breakdown voltage, even in the air mixed with such kind of gases can significantly increase its electric strength. 但仅仅满足高电气强度是不够的，还必须满足以下条件： But only with high electric intensity is fairly not enough, it must also meet the following requirements: 液化温度要低，这样才能同时采用高气压； Low liquefaction temperature, so that high-pressure can be used meanwhile; 良好的化学稳定性，出现放电时不易分解、不燃烧或爆炸、不产生有毒物质； Favorable chemical stability, so