儿童呼吸道感染细菌的耐药性分析.docVIP

儿童呼吸道感染细菌的耐药性分析 　　[摘要] 目的 了解儿童呼吸道感染常见病原菌的分布及其耐药情况，以采取有效防控对策，为合理选用抗菌药物提供参考。 方法 对本院2012年9月～2013年4月收治的320例儿科呼吸道感染患者的痰液及药敏试验结果进行统计分析。 结果 320份标本共培养分离出细菌90株（占28.1% ），其中革兰阳性菌46株（占51.1% ），以肺炎链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主；革兰阴性菌44株（占48.9% ），以肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌为主。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率高达100.0%，肺炎链球菌对头孢呋辛的耐药率高达97.0%；主要革兰阴性菌对妥布霉素、氨苄西林等抗生素高度耐药，对亚胺培南的耐药率为0.0%；铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林耐药率为100.0%。 结论 儿童呼吸道感染患者有多重耐药菌感染的可能，临床医师应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物，因此，减少新的耐药菌产生和合理使用抗生素是非常重要的。 　　[关键词] 儿童；呼吸道感染；细菌；耐药性 　　[中图分类号] R373.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2013）11（b）-0110-02 　　Bacterial drug resistance analysis of respiratory tract infection in children 　　BIAN Cui-ying 　　Department of Pediatrics，People′s Hospital of Juancheng County in Shandong Province，Juancheng 274600，China 　　[Abstract] Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children in order to take effective prevention and control measures and provide reference for rational selection of antibacterial drugs. Methods The sputum and drug sensitive test results of 320 children with respiratory tract infection who were treated in our hospital from September 2012 to April 2013 were analyzed statistically. Results 90 strains of bacteria were cultured and separated out of the 320 samples（accounted for 28.1%），of which 46 strains（accounted for 51.1%） were gram positive bacteria and the main types were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus；44 strains（accounted for 48.9%） were Gram-negative bacteria and the main types were Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli.The drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin reached up to 100.0% and the drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumonia to cefuroxime reached up to 97.0%；the main Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to antibiotics such as tobramycin and ampicillin，but its drug resistance to imipenem was 0.0%；the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin was 100.0%. Conclusion Respiratory tract infection in children may be multi