introductiontotheglobalpositioningsystem.docVIP

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS (THE ULTIMATE NAVIGATORS) R.V.PRADEEP S.P.SATYANARAYANA K.SHARAN KUMAR pradeep_regulla@yahoo.co.in madhavan1729@ sharankumar1216@ 3/4 IT, GVPCOE 3/4 IT, GVPCOE 3/4 IT, GVPCOE Abstract: What is GPS? The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based navigation system. Its official name is NAVSTAR-GPS.The GPS uses a network of Medium Earth Orbit Satellites. The number of satellites used are 27(24 in operation and three extras in case one fails)which transmit accurate microwave signals, that enable GPS receivers to determine the location, speed, direction and time of a particular place anywhere on Earth. The GPS was developed by the United States’ Department Of Defense intended for military purposes. Later, the government made the system available for civilian use. How it works? Each of these 3,000 to 4,000 pound solar-powered satellites circles the globe at about 12,900 miles (19,300km), making two complete rotations everyday. The orbits are arranged so that at any time, anywhere on Earth, there are atleast four satellites visible in the sky. The job of a GPS receiver is to locate four or more of these satellites, calculate the distance to each and use this information to deduce its own location. This is done by a process called Trilateration. Trilateration is of two types: 2-D Trilateration 3-D Trilateration 2-D Trilateration Imagine you are somewhere in the United States and you are totally lost -- for whatever reason, you have absolutely no clue where you are. You find a friendly local and ask, Where am I? He says, You are 625 miles from?Boise, Idaho. This is a nice, hard fact, but it is not particularly useful by itself. You could be anywhere on a circle around Boise that has a radius of 625 miles, like this: You ask somebody else where you are, and she says, You are 690 miles from?Minneapolis, Minnesota. Now youre getti