的词汇-美国森林服务（ g p s glossary- u s forest service）.docVIP

GPS Glossary The following glossary entries come from EPA publication GIS Technical Memorandum 3: Global Positioning Systems Technology and its Applications in Environmental Programs (EPA/600/R-92/036, February 1992), GPS: A Guide to the Next Utility by Jeff Hurn(1989), and CGRER staff. Absolute Positioning Positioning mode in which a position is identified with respect to a well-defined coordinate system, commonly a geocentric system (i.e., a system whose point of origin coincides with the center of mass of the earth). Almanac A data file that contains orbit information on all satellites, clock corrections, and atmospheric delay parameters. It is transmitted by a GPS satellite to a GPS receiver, where it facilitates rapid satellite vehicle acquisition within GPS recievers. Anywhere fix The ability of a receiver to start position calculations without being given an approximate location and time. Attribute A value that describes a feature. Features may have zero to many attributes. The attributes for features are described in the data dictionary. Values for attributes are entered while collecting the data. An example of an attribute would be the name of a building, or the height of a tree. Availability The number of hours per day that a particular location has sufficient satellites (above the specified elevation angle and less than the specified PDOP value) to make a GPS position fix. Baseline A baseline consists of a pair of stations for which simultaneous GPS data has been collected. Base station Also called a reference station. A receiver that is set up on a known location specifically to collect data for differentially correcting rover files. The base station calculates the error for each satellite and, through differential correction, improves the accuracy of GPS positions collected at unknown locations by a roving GPS receiver. Base station file The data file created by the base station. Base station files follow a naming pattern: A7-Month-Da